Zomite leh leitung khuahun luanzia kizopna (Globalization) ~ Khup Lian Thang
Na khat peuhpeuh, Setvan setkhuak (Technology) leh Tembaw, motor, Vangleng etc.. te’ hangin leitung khuahun nuntak khuasak zia kihel in, sum bawl pai bawlnate kikhel in, tua tungtawn in leitung khualun luanzia kikhel toto hi. Gamvai paizia kikhel in, biakna upna kikhel zel a, minam vai paizia kikhel in, leitung mite nuntak khuasak zia ki khelna pen Globalization ahi hi. Globalization tangthu pen ahuam pi in hunpi thum in lai-at siam Thomas L. Friedman in na khen khia hi. AD 1492-1800kum kikal teng pen leitung gamte kizopna hun masa, AD 1800-2000kum kikal pen hun nihna leh 2000kum pan tuni dong hun thumna a ki zom toto in gen hi.
Hun masa (AD 1492-1800)
Europe gam, Spain panin Christopher Columbus makai in leitung bem ahih manin nitumna lam zuan in pai leng nisuahna lam aa om India leitangh zong ki tung veve ding hi cih tawh nitumna lam zuanin gam thak zong dingin kuan khia uh hi. A cihngei mah bangin 1492kum in leitangh a lianpi khat mu uh a,tua pen America ahi hi. Tua amuh thak leitangh tungah aom minam te leh Europe pan ong pai mite ki muhkhopna ki zop masakna ahi hi. Hih a muhkhiatna in nikhat ni te leitung khuahun luanzia khempeuh alaih ding, Leitung ah suaktakna tawh kiukna Democracy ii pupi pen ahi USA gam kipatna a piangkhiatna ding kal masa na hi gige hi.
Tua hun pawl mah in Portugal mi Vasco Dagama zong nisuahna lam ah pai in nisuahna lam a om mite tawh ki zopna bawl uh hi (AD1300 pawlin Italy mi Marco Polo zong nisuahna lam ah khualzin ngei khin) . Tua khit ciangin kum zalom 16/17/18 sung teng in Europe gam lian tengin (Britain, Spain, France, Portugal, Italy, Dutch etc…) leitung mun khempeuh ah zin kawikawi in amau sum bawlna amau hauhna ding leh amau ngeina lai leh pau te ki zelsak kawikawi uh hi.Hih hun masa in kizopna khualzinna pen mihing te’ thatang, ganhing te’ tha, huihtha cih bangte zangin kizopna bawlin nasem uh hi. Hih hun sungin Leitung pen alian mahmah leh tanglai mipil te gen danin mong a neilo leitung dinmun pan in, a lian lualo, a laihawl dinmun, hanciam leng a ki tung thei dinmun ong suak hi.
Hun nihna (AD 1800-2000)
Hih hun nihna ciangin gamte minam te khangto semsem ta uh ahih manin hun masa lai sangin kizopna te khangto mahmah zaw ta hi. 1820 kum pawl ciangin Setvan te, tuilum tha tawh apai meileng te zong kibawl ta in in khangtohna pen manlang mahmah hi. 1879 Kum in Thomas Edison in mei buld bawl in khuamial tungah gualzo ta hi. Kum 100 sung bangin na lamdang na thupi, leitung mihingte’ phattuam theihna ding na tampi ki sem khia ki mu khia hi. Tua pilna siamna, setvan te mah zangin gam khangto masa Europe gam panin Britain, Italy, France, Dutch etc… te in a gam uh kek toto in , a neih leh a lamh uh khangin hau semsem uh hi. 1875kum in Alexendar Graham Bell in phone bawlin kizopna baih to semsem hi. 1886 kum in Germany mi Karl Benz in modern motor bawl masa in 1908 kum ciangin Ford Motor Company in Model T motor te mipi zattheih ding hawmkhia zuakkhia thei ta hi.
1903 kum ciangin Wright unau te in vanleng bawl uh a, nidang in kha nih kha thum khualzinna pen nikhat ni nih tung ziauziau ta uh hi. Hih hun ciangin Leitung pilna (Science) te zong khangto mahmah in, gam liante in sum leh pai zong hau mahmah hi. Gam haute’ kidemna hangin leitung ah Galpi lian mahmah nih piang hi. Tua galpi nihna sungin Nuclear galvan tha hat mahmah kibawl a, tua khit ciangin khantohna ki zom toto in Computer te, Internet te, Software tuamtuam te leh World Wide Web (www) ci in leitung internet khempeuh kizopna cih bangte khempeuh pen hih hun sungin kibawl hi.
Aircon, nate votsakna, TV cih bangin mihingte nuntakna a noptuam sak thei ding muhkhiat nate ki behlap toto a, leitung kizopna lam khantoh nate manlang mahmah hi. Hih hun nihna sungin setvan tuamtuamte, leitung pilna le theihna a thakthakte, sum le pai neih nate, Computer, internet cihte in leitung kizopna a manlang sak thubul pi te ahi uh hi.
Hih hun sungin leitung gal tuamtuam hangin minam a ci tawmte or galtai mite tampi tak, gam anop zawkna suahtakna ki deidanna a tawm zawkna gamte ah gal tai uh in, a tunna gam te’ gam mi suak uh a, amau ngeina pau leh lai sin in minam namkim tengkhawm ngeingai na ki panpan ta hi. Tua bek thamlo in ki zopna khualzin biah ahih manin nuntakna nopzawzaw gamte kizuan ngeingai hi. A diakin USA ah hipi pen a, a khangto Europe gam te ah zong tua bangin a genthei zaw gam pan in gambel dingin kizuan ngeingai hi. A innteek gammite’ ngeina, lai cihte sin uh in, amau minam suak uh hi. Hih hun sungin leitung pen a laihawl dinmun pan in gam neu mahmah khat suak ziau ta hi.
Hun thumna (AD 2000- Present)
Hih hun thumna taktak ciangin bel leitung pen khuata khat bangta liang hi. Google cihte, Facebook, Instagram, Tweeter cih dan Social Media kizopnate leh adiak in 2007kum ciangin Smart Phone (eg. Apple, Samsung) a kibawl khiat taktak ciangin, leitung pen khuata khat or inn sungkhat ah a tengkhawm tawh ki bangta liang hi. USA aa om khat leh Myanmar aa om khat in mel kimu in kiho thei, thungen khawm kikhawm khawm thei leh meeting nei khawm thei in ankuang nangawn um khawm thei ta uh hi. Hih hun thumna ciangin leitung kizopna bel Internet, Software tuamtuam, Social Media tuamtuam, Smart phone leh App: tuamtuam te tha tawh, leitung pen gamneu khat dinmun pan in khuata neu khat, innkuan khat ong suah ziau hi.
Hun thumna ii khantohna te ahoih lam in ki koici zat
Apple vs Samsung
Apple te in Iphone pen USA pan in design bawl in China ah alomlom in a bawlkhiatna phualpi phut uh hi. China te mi kicing, a nasemte’ khasum tamlua lo tawh ki kawm thei, a bawl thei dingin a pilna le a siamna kicing ahih manin China ah a bawl uh pen a lem mahmah suak hi. Tua bangin Apple in a vaihawm siamna hangun leitung ah Company ahau pen khat in om a, China gam leh amite in zong Apple hangin mipi tampi in nasep ngahin, sum lut tampi nei pah uh hi. Anih tuak un phattuamna ngah uh hi. Iphone a zang nuam mipite in zong, Iphone a kiman pen leh a hunlap in ngah thei uh hi. Mi khempeuh in phattuamna ngah ciat uh hi.
Tua mah bangin Korea te’ Samsung in zong amau gam ban ah Vietnam gam ah a mau ii TV leh Smart Phone bawlna phualpi phut in, tua teng panin Samsung TV, Samsung Smart Phone te bawl hi. Vietnam mipi te in nasep ngah sum ngah uh a, Samsung Company te in zong a mau deih Samsung phone te ahun lap leh a man tawmno tawh bawl thei uh hi. Hih bangin a thupi mahmah Setvan hoih nono te pen amun aphual(USA or Korea) ah bawl kul sese lo in, amau omna tawh a kigamla pi ah a bawl theihna pen, a Company makaite in a om sa leitung pilna siamna IT(information Technology) te zangin hoih takin gelsiamna hang ahi hi.
Hih Apple leh Samsung te pen, Smart Phone bawlna ah leitung ah a lianpen te hi in, a kidem mahmah uh ahi hi. A lamdang mahmah khat ah, Apple te in IPhone te’ Screen te leh adang van pawlkhat pen Samsung te kiangpan in lei uh a, Apple Iphone a kibawl nunung pen ahi IPhone X ah lim zat uh hi. Iphone X khat US$1000 tawh aki zuak khiat sim in Samsung in zong US$110 a ngah na hi gige mawk hi. Anih un met tuak uh a, aki dempih mahmah a langte tawh, anih aa metna ding ahih nakleh nasem khawm hiathiat lel uh hi.
Micorsoft leh Infosys Technologies
USA te’ Software company lianpi ahi Microsoft te in zong, a nasep a tangzai semsem nang leh mukhiatna thak a muh theihna dingin India pan in Infosys Technologies cih company te tawh nasem khawm in na lianpi tampi sem khia uh hi. A kisam sofeware engineer tampi tak anei India tawh ni suahna nituamna pang khawmin sun leh zan (24hrs) nasem ziahziah uh hi. Bek thamlo Micorsoft aa a lianpen CEO zong India minam Satya Nedalla hi in, leitung aa Company lian pen leh USA te Company lian pen khat ah India mikhat in makai cih pen thu lamdang mahmah hi napi in, ahih hang Leitung kizopna zia khuahun kikhelna huhau in, hih pen leitung khuahun luanzia hizaw ta na hi in, a thu lamdang hi nawnlo leuleu hi.
USA aa om Kualzinna tawh kisai Company liankhat in a nasep uh 24hrs sem nuam uh ahih manin, amau Company ah nasem dingin India gam aa om India mite kawm uh hi. USA ah pai sese kullo in India gam pan in nasem uh hi. USA ah nikhat a nasep hun a cing lian ciangin, India aa om a nasem te in tavuan la lian in a nasep uh Minutes khat zong khawl lo in ki zomsuak thei hi. Ami kimuh kul sese lo in, email or phone tawh nasem ziau uh hi. Tua in tua USA Company hau sak mahmah a, India aa a nasem te in lah US$ sang hi sawnsawn ahih manin a kuakua aa dingin noptuamna piang sak hi. A khualzin nuam, Ticket leinuam te’ a dingin zong ut hunhun kilei thei, khual kizin thei suak ahih manin lem mahmah hi.
Tu laitak leitung aa mihau pen US gam mi Jeff Bezos hi in Amazon cih On-Line shopping tungtawn in ahau ahi hi. Ama hauhna na pen US$ 112 Billion bang nei (Myanmar gam bup kumkhat sumlut sang azah nih bangin tamzaw thei) hi. Leitung khantohna ii pilnate zangin, vaihawm siam gelsiam ahih manin mihaupi a suak ahi hi. Van zuakna dingin inn sap kullo, van zuak dingin mi zong sumtawh cial kullo a hih man in, vante pen a kiman a tawm man mahmah in zuak thei uh ahih man in van kikhawng mahmah pah hi.
Tua mah bangi China te mihau pen Jack Ma zong Alibaba cih tawh On-line shopping mah zangin mihau pi khat suak hi. Hih on-line shopping pen mipi te’ a dingin lah noptuam, Amazon/Alibaba ten lah sum ngah, avan nei ten lah a van khawng mahmah ahih manin sum ngah, mikhempeuh aa dingin noptuamna vive piang sak hi. A sump kuamah omlo hi kici thei phial hi. Hih pen tu hun khantohna lam aa pilna (information technology) te zat theihna, khuahun lunzia tawh kizui in nuntak theihna hang ahi hi.
Gorge Soros (USA billionaire)
Hungary gam aa suak hi in, a gam sungah Jews mite ki deidanna ki mat ki henna hangin galtai gambel khat ahi hi. England ah sangkah a, tua pan in USA ah lal hi. Sum tawh kimawl siam mahmah in Billionaire suak hi. Leitung kizopna kikhel nate zang thei in, a tuntun ah hanciam ahih manin mihau pi suak a, a pianna Hungary gam aa ding a neihsa sum leh pai tawh NGO nasep nakpi takin sem ahih manin Hungary gam mite, khangthak sangnaupang te ii gamvai ah a mit kihonna piangsak in, tua in a gam uh damdam in kikhel sak to zo hi(Hungary pen galpi nihna khit the Soviet Union huzap nuai ah Communist tawh ki uk). Ama phuat khiat ahi The Open Society in Myanmar gam nangawn ong ban in, noptuamna tampi pia hi. Leitung gam tampi ah mipi phattuamna dinginn NGO phuan in na lian tampi sem hi.
Philipp Rosler (German Politician)
Vietnam te hi in, South leh North Vietnam gal sungin South Vietnam ah suak hi. Tagah kepna pan in Germanyte nupa khat in a ta dingin la uh hi. Germany ah ong khangto in gamvai ah lut hi. 2008-2009 sung Germany gam ii State lianpi khat ahi Lower Saxony State ii Minister of Economics, Labour and Transport sem hi. 2009-2011kum kikal Germany gam ii Minister Health sem a, 2011-2013kum kikal Minister of Economics and Technoloy a sep kawm in, Germany gam ii Vice Chancellor (Deputy Priminister tawh ki bang) sem hi. Veitnam minam khat in German te dan aa aki minam pi sak mahmah gam ah a lian nihna dinmun ngah hi mawk hi. Leitung kizopna khuahun lunzia na hi hi.
Arab Spring (2010-Present)
Gam vai ah zong hih kizopna a baihna, Social Media(Facebook, Email, Tweeter, Phone message , Youtube,etc..) te hangin leitung gam vai tampi ki khelzo hi. Tunisia gam pan kipan aa buaina pen thakhat thu in Egpyt, Yemen, Syria, Lybia, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Kuwait, Oman, Algeria, Morocco, Lebanon, Iraq, Iran cih bangin Arab gamte ah thakhat thu in ki lawh to hithit hi. Tua Arab Spring tungtawn in Tunisia, Egypt, Yemen, Libya cih gamte’ kumpi ki laih zo hi. A dang gamte kumpi a kilaih zawh lian loh hangin gam kikhelna tampi piang sak hi.
Tua lak ah Syria bel sawt vei buai mahmah pen suaka, tuni dongin gal bei zo nailo hi. 2016kum in US President Trump in lam et lohna tampi kawmkal pan in a gualzawhna zong hih leitung khuahun lunzia zatsiamna, IT leh Social Media nasepnate hoihtak a zat siam hangin tampi kilam dang sak hi kici ciat hi. Gam makai pipite Minam makai pipite in zuau gen, thusia gen cih dan zong thakhat thu in kizel thei ahih maninin, thuman lo a gen khak ding, a gamtat khialh khak ding uh ki dawm mahmah uh ahih man in, tua in khantohna tampi piang sak hi.
Globalization zat khialhna tuamtuam
Osama Bin Laden’ makaih Al-Qaeda te in 11th Sept, 2001 ni in mipi tuanna vangleng 4 tawh USA aa mun thupi teng a vanleng tawh nawk dingin gelna nei a, vanleng thum in a gelna bangin nawk in a dangkhat bek a gelna tangto lo in, a vangleng tunga tuang miteng si veve hi. Vanleng nih in World Trade Center susia in, a khat in Pentagon susia hi. Hih migilo te hangin mi 2996 takin nuntakna beilawh in leitung tangthu ah hih bangin migilo te suam a si atam pen leh a mulkim a cikzet huai penpen in kiciam teh hi. 1900kim hun in Osama Bin Laden khang khia hi zenzen leh hih bangin siatna lianpi paingsak zolo ding hi. Leitung khantohna, setkhuak te zangin siatna lianpi bawlzo uh hi.Tua mah bangin Isis te in zong amau aa dingin a kisam ahi galkap, sum le pai leh thu le la khempeuh pen hi setkhuak vive zangin tuni dongin Middle East sungteng buaisak khengkhang zo mawk hi.
1962kum in U Ne Win in Myanmar gam thuneihna teng a lak khit ciangin gam sunga teng minam dang ahi sumbawl siam Chinese te leh Indian te, mipil misiam Mangkang Professor te hita leh a diakin thu um mite aa dingin Missionary teng khempeuh a omna gam ciat ah puak mang uh hi. Leitung kizopna khuahun lunzia in a gam sung a deep khak ding pen U Ne Win in deihlo hi. Bek thamlo in laisin na sang khempeuh ah Manglai sinsak nawnlo in Kawllai bekbek tawh University te, College te ah lai sinsak mawk hi.
Tua in U Thant dan aa UN khawngah General Secretary ngah kik ding lam et na om sak nawnvet lo suak pah hi. Myanmar gam zong letiung ah gam a zawng pen dong tung suksak pah hi. Leitung kizopna khuahun luanzia te zangsiam lo leh zang nuamlo in, Kawlzia Kawl ngeina ki ukna tawh kalsuan in, leitung khuahun luanzia khantohna tawh kizopna bottat hi. Myanmar tawh a ki bang lian North Korea in tua paizia len tinten lai ahih manin tuni dongin leitung ah a zawng pen leh a khangto lo pen dinmun mah ah om uh hi.
Democracy cihte hita leh ki ukna zia tuamtuam te khempeuh zong pen hih leitung kizopna huzap hangin a ki khel toto ahi hi. Leitung ah kalsuan zia, ki ukzia pen Democracy mah ahoih pen, mihing te tawh kituak pen cih leitung khuahun luan zia a hih manin leitung mi khempeuh a kuakua in hih Democracy pen thupi sa ciat uh a, zat dan sep dan ciangin khat leh khat aki bang lianlo bek ahi hi.
Zomite leh Leitung kizopna (Globalization)
Zomite zong Kawlzang pan in khamtung lam a kahtoh pen hun AD 1400 pawlin ki ciamteh ahih manin hun masa pawl ahi hi. Tua hun masa sung teng pen a khuakhua a bawngbawng ki tenga mun dang gam dang tawh ki zop luatna omlo hi kha ding hi. Hun nihna ahi 1800kum khit lam ciangin America Baptist Missionary te’ tungtawnin Zogam ah Mission ong pai uh a, ABM Missionary (anung ciangin RC Missionary zong tung) te hangin Zomite nuntakna ah kikhel lianpi pianga hih kikhelna in khangto sak zaw, thumu sak zaw bek tham lo in, nuntakna ah athupi pen gupkhiatna ngah lawh uh hi.
Tua khit ciangin Mangkangte in Zogam la leuleu uh a, 1917kum in Mangkang kumpi huh dingin Piancit(France) pai uh hi. Zomite leitung mundang tuipi gal ah a kalsuan masakna uh ahi hi. Thu muhna khangin tua huhau in Piancit a pailo sanggam dangte sangin thu mu masa zaw, madawk masa zaw uh hi. Tua khit ciangin U Ne Win makaih ki ukna nuai ah om uh ahih manin leitung tawh kizopna ah gen tanghtangh ding om lua nawnlo hi. Letung mundang khempeuh na khangto mahmah ta se leh, Myanmar gam ahih leh na tuantual mahmah in, Zomite zong a tengna gam paizia hangin na tuantual mahmah hi.
Zomite in ee Leitung kizopna khuahun lunzia khantoh nate koici zat leng ding?
1) Leitung kizopna a lem sak setkhuak te, van leh na tuamtuam te, a tunga ih gensa mi gilo te, kumpi gilo te bangin zat khialh hetlo ding thupi mahmah ding hi.
2) Kizopna khantohna zangin Zogam ah Mission ong sem America pekpan ong pai in Zogam ah Pasian upna khaici a tuh Sangmang te mah bangin, Zomite in zong a tuntun gamte leh minamte aa dingin khuakvak a puak minam ahih ding thupi ding hi.
3) Hih kizopna a lemsak pen setkhuak leh van le nate hi lel in a thupi pen ah a gel a zek a vaihawm pen mihing mah ahihna tel siangin a hoih lamin zat theih ding thupi ding hi. Apple te, Samsung, Company tuamtuam te, Jeff Boz te leh Jack Ma te bangin zangsiam zeksiam ding thupi ding hi. Facebook bangin mihing khat leh khat ki theisak mi maingap sak, a ki naisak thei na hoih nono mukhiat ding thupi mahmah ding hi.
4) Gorge Soros, Philippe Rosler te bangin gamtai gam dang mi leh lengla ahih hangun, lungkiatna in neilo in ma nawt in, a tuntun gam ah inntek lungsim nei in, a madawk a makai a lutang hih zawhna ding hiciam ding thupi mahmah ding hi. A hi khin apaing thei khin thu leh leitung kizopna khuahun luanzia zong ahih manin mun dang gamdang aatung Zomite khempeuh in hanciam in manawt ding thupi mahmah hi.
5) Pil sinna, On-line sangkahna, thu theihna behlap na in hih setkhuakte zat ziahziah theih ding thupi ding hi. Mi nam dangte tawh tengkhawm,a nungta khawm Zomite in zong, midang dangte ngeina pianzia te kan in, ahoihte cingin a hoihlo amau ngeina te pan in kidawm in pilna in lak theih ding thupi mahmah ding hi.
6) Gam sunga Zomite in zong, hih leitung khantohna kizopa zia te pan thu leh la kan toto in, Myanmar gam sung gamvai te amakaih sawm ngiatin, minam dangte makaih zawh nangin hanciam in minam dangte aa dingin khauvak ahih zawh ding thupi mahma ding hi.
7) Leitung kizopzia leh khuazia khat ahi, ki dempih ih lang te ahi phial zongin Apple leh Samsung te in amau ii phattuam tuakna ding ahih nak leh, na a sepkhopna theih mah bangin, gamvai minam vai nasepna ah mipite phattuam na ding ahih nak leh, a kuakua tawh khut kilen in na sepkhop theih ding thupi mahmah ding hi.
8) Zomite in, Social Media pen ki tot kiselna, kiam sukna leh ki muhdahna, ki el na, ngaihsut zia ahoihlo ki muapna, cih bangin ahoih lo lam in a ki zatkhak hetloh ding, a diakdiak in mimal tawm Zomite aa dingin ki dawp huai diakdiak ding hi.
9) Hih leitung khantohna leh kizopna te pen van leh na, setvan hilel in, tua huhau te hangin minam te mipi te gam khat leh khat ki kawm in ki teng khawm a,a thupi a thu khensat taktak pen mihing te in hih khantohna kizopnate bangci zat uh cih tungtawn in tangthu ki lamdang ahi hi. Nang ee na koici zatsawm hiam? Lungdam, Khup Lian Thang
Reference:
- The World is Flat, Thomas L. Friedman
- Zomi in Diaspora, Rev.Dr. J.m Ngul Khan Pau
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