Judson’ Sangmang nasepzia etkikna ~ Suang Khen Pau

Judson’ Sangmang nasepzia etkikna (Revisiting Judson’s Mission Approach) ~ Suang Khen Pau

Thukuang Masa :: 2013 kum ciangin Kawlgamah Judson hong tun zawh kum 200 cin phawkna (Bi-centennial Jubilee) pawipi Kawlgambup Tuiphum Kipawlpina (MBC) in nasia takin bawl dingin ki tangko hi. Tangthu sungah a ciapteh tham ding tua bang pawipi masuanin MBC in Kawlgam sung mun 200 bangah Kham Kawlgam Tuiphum Sangmang Nasep (Golden Myanmar Baptist Mission) cih tawh mission a sep laitak uh ahi hi. Myanmar Institute of Theology (MIT) in zong tua pawipi kham khit ciangin Ph. D program hon zawh dingin a kiginsan laitak uh ahi hi. Hih bang hun sungah ih om laitakin “Kawlgam Sawltak” a kici Adoniram Judson a bangci mi hi aa, bangci nuntak in, bangci danin mission sem aa, koici ciang ki-ap hiam? a thuakna leh a lawhcinnate kankik ding thupi mahmah hi.

Kawlgam Khristiante bek ii lunghihmawhpih ding zong hi mawk lo-in, leitung Khristian khempeuh in zong a phawkhuai mahmah thu khat ahi hi. Bang hang hiam cih leh Judson pen sangmang minthang khat ahih banah; mission nasep ih cih pen sumpi tamman leh pawlpi liat man bek tawh a kisem zo hi mawklo-in Pasian’ hong sawlngiat thu ahi hi (Matt 28:19-20). Mission sep ding pen Pasian in pawlpi hong apngiat ahi hi. “Mission ih cihcih pen Pasian’ thuthuk khempeuh ii pianna naak hi,” ci-in gualhcian Pasian thuthuk siam Martin Karler in na pulaakkhia ngei hi.1 Judson’ mission nasepna a kicingin pulaak ding cileng hong saulua ding ahih manin hih thului sungah a hampi pet mah ka hong sung ding hi.

1. Kawlgamah Khristian Sangmang Nasep Tuncilna (Arrival of Christian Mission in Myanmar

Kawlgamah Khristian mission nasepna enpak lehang a huampi-in nam nihin kimuthei aa, Roman Catholic Mission leh Protestant Mission cih ding ahi hi.

1.1. Roman Catholic Mission

Kawlgamah kum zalom 10th sungin Nestorian-te tungkhin cih thumong khat na om ngei hi.2 Kum zalom 12th hun hong tun ciangin Pagan khuapi-a Annanda tattung (pagoda) leihawm sungah Greek lai leh Latin lai tawh a kigelh laimal tuamtuam leh tui-palpaak ( lotus) ngum sungpan singlamteh a po lim khawng na kisuai khin zo ahih manin Kawlgamah bel zalom 12th hun peuhmahin Khristian pawlkhat bel a tungkhin zo mah hi ding hi. Tu-in zong tuate kimutheilai hi. Ahi zongin 1554 kum Piancit Franciscan siampi Pierre Bonfer Thanlyin hong tun-a kipanin RC mission nasep akipan tatak hi pan aa, tu ni dong a kizomsuak toto ahi hi.3

1559 kumin Kawl kumpi leh Arakan kumpi kikalah gamthu tawh kisai-in buaina lianpi a om ciangin Arakan kumpipa in Portuge-te sum bawl Philip de Britto zawnin Thanlyin hong sim aa zo uh hi. A zawh mawk ciangun Pillip de Britto in Arakan kumpipa Syriam (Thanlyn) apkik nuamlo aa, amahmah in kumpi semin ukpah hi. Kumpi Anaukphetlun in Ava khuapi-ah 1610 kumin kumpiza a ngah ciangin Prome (Pyay) leh Toungoo hong simpah hi.Tua thu a theih ciangin Phillip De Britto in Nat Shin Naung tawh kipawlin Anaukphetlun hong do uh leh hong lelhiau uh hi. Gal a lelh ciangun Ava kumpi pa in Nat Shin Naung, a zi a tate leh a gammi 5000 bang manin Ava ah ciah pih hi.

Ahi zongin that ngam sam lo-in Ayeyarwaddy gundung mun khatah tengsak hi. Nat Shin Naung ih cih pen mipil leh laphuaksiam (poemist) mahmah khat hi a, Khristian khat ahi hi. Buddhist biakna sung pan Khristian suak masa khat ahih hangin Kawl kumpi in Khristian ahih lam sang lai simbute sungah gelh nuamlo uh hi. RC sangmang Vicentius Sangamano in ahih leh, “1720 kiimin Kawlgamah Khristian 2000 (RC) bang om khin ding hi,” ci hi.4 Tua hun aa kipanin RC-te in mission hong sem toto uh aa, Zogamah ahih leh khanglam Kanpalet gam hong tung masa-in tua panin gam hoihzawkna mun Mindat ah hong kisuanto uh aa 1934 kumin pawlpi hong phutta uh hi. Tedim gamah ahih leh 1939 kumin RC pawlpi hong kiphut hi.

1.2 Protestant Mission

Protestant Mission ih cih ciangin a diakin Tuiphumte’ Mission nasepna thu a lim gennuam ih hi hi.1807 kumin Mangkang Tuiphum Sangmang Kipawlna (Baptist Missionary Society) te in mission sem dingin Bengal panin Richard Mardon leh James Charter-te hong sawl uh hi.5 Richard Mardon pen ciahkik paha, James Chater in 1812 dong Felix Carey tawh na semkhawm uh hi. A lunglut huai thu khat ah James Chater bang lawhcing kisalo-in Kawlgam pan a ciahkik hangin Ceylon ( Sri Lanka) ah a mission sep lawhcing mahmah zel aa, kum 2 sungin Mr. Sierce a kici mipa Khristian thuzui mi suaksak hi cih pen Asia pawlpi tangthu simleng kimu thei hi.

Felix Carey ih cih pen India gam-a sangmang minthang William Carey tapa hi a, Kawlgam hong tun ciangin Kahbia (a pa Portugese; a nu Kawl) khat tawh kitengin ta nih nei uh hi. Cidamna lam, a diakin tang ahih keileh sensi (smallpox) bawl siam ahih manin kumpi Bodawpaya khut nuai-ah na sem dingin August 1814 sungin Ava-ah kituah uh hi. Kumpipa adingin laipeina (press) khat India a va ciahin Calcutta panin hong pua aa, Irrawaddy gun dung zui-in Ava ah hong puato hi.

Kamsiatna tawh tuipi tungah huihhual leh tuihual tuak kha ahih manun gunkuang kibungin a zi leh a tate (tanu nih leh tapa kaht) sihsuahin amah bek suakta hi. Khakham nak veiilua mahmah ahih manin India gamah ciahkik aa, a sawtlo-in si hi. Felix Carey in kumpi Bodaw-paya khut nuai-ah nasep ding teel zaw ahih manin mission seem taktak dingin America gammi Adoniram Judson leh Ann Hasseltine Judson July 13, 1813 ni-in Yangon hong tung ahih manin tuni dong, ‘Judson’sawlbawk kuangkuang lai hi,’ kici thei hi.

2. Judson’Sangmang Khualzinna (Judson’s Missionary Journey)

2.1 Judson’Tangthu Tom (Brief Biography of Judson)

Judson pen America-gam Massachusetts gamkhen Malden khua-ah August 9, 1788 Ninoni-in a pa Adoniram leh a nu Abigail Brown sungpan hong piangkhia hi.6 Kum thum a phakin Lai Siangtho tangbuppipi lotngah zo ta ahih manin a nu le a pa lungdamsak mahmah hi. Kum 10 a phak ciangin Ganan, Thuhaksa Kidot, Greek lai leh Latin laite theizo ta mawk hi. Kum 16 a cin kum August 17, 1804 ni-in Province College (tu’n Brown University) ah sang hong kah aa, September 2, 1807 ni-in B.A degree ngah aa, a sangpen pahtawina leh thugenna zong ngah hi. A sang a man phetin Plymouth Indepent Academy cih private sang khat hong phuan aa, ‘Elements of English Grammar,” leh “The Young Lady’s Arithmetic,” cih laibu bu nih hong gelhkiapah malam hi.

2.2 Sangmang Khualzinna (Missionary Journey)

Province College ah sang a kah laitakin Pasian umlo (atheist) Jacob Eames tawh kithuahlua kha ahih manin Judson in zong Pasian hong umlo mawk hi.Sang a mankhit ciang a lungsim palang den ahih manin August 9,1808 ni-in Shiffield-a a paneu kiangah sakol tawh va hawh hi.Nikhat giahbuk khatah a giah leh, “Na lua veh aw; na lua veh! Hong hon un! Hong hon dih un! Kei a si ding hi tang!,” ci-in a tau ngaungau khat za mawk aa, zingsang a thawh ciangin a dot leh a College kah lai-a a lawmpa Jacob Eames na hi mawk in, lamdangsa-in a dip van-aa khai hong bang pah hi. ‘Pasian om hi,’ cih a lungsim sungah phawkna ciang khat hong nei pah hi.

Tham lo-in Pasian thu lunggulhna hong nei ahih manin Andover Newton Theological Seminary-ah sang hong kahkik hi. Hih sangah a kah sungin India gam East India Company-a chaplain a sem Dr Claudius Buchanan ii, “Nisuahna Aksi- The Star in the East” cih thuhilhna za kha ahih manin mission nasep ding lawppi-in lawppah hi. Tua a thuhilhna sungah India gama German sangmang Dr. Schwartz ii mission nasepna tampi tak kihelkha hi.

Tua ahih manin a lawmte Samuel Nott, Samuel J. Mills, Samuel Newell leh Williams College panin James Richard, Ruther Rice-te tawh lopokeu-buhtu kikholna munah (Haystack Prayer Meeting) khuk dinin thu ngenkawm zelzel uh hi.7 Tua hi aa, December 2, 1808 ni-in, “Kiniamkhiat takin Pasian tungah ka nuntakna ka ki-ap hi,” ci-in teci pang hi. 1810 kum ciangin mission sep theih ding lunggulh luatna tawh England-a London Missionary Society-te ii huh ding lametna tawh, ‘Packet’ kici tembaw tawh England hong pai hi.

Tua hun laitak in England leh Piancit gal a kido laitak ahih manin Piancitte in na mankha citciat aa, Bayonne kicihna munah kal 6 sung bang thong vakia tadih hi. England gam a tun ciangin a thusunnop sang liailiai sam uh hi.America-gam hong tunkik ciangin thu-om zia a gen leh a tawpna-ah ‘America Board of Commissioners for Foreign Mission of the Congregational Church’ in Nisuahna Asia gamah sangmang nasep sem dingin Judson, Samuel Newell, Samuel Nott, leh Gordon Hall-te sang uh hi.

Tua zawh a sawt lo-in Ann Hasseltine tawh February 5, 1812 ni-in kiteng uh a, a kiten zawh uh kal nih khit ciangin Caravan tembawpi tawh Salem panin hong ding khia uh hi. Ann Hasseltine pen unau numei li lakah a nautum pen hi aa, u numei Abby, Marry leh Rebecca thum nei hi. A kiten zawh uh a zing Februry 6, 1812 ni-in Judson siampiza kipiapah hi.

India gam hong paina tembaw tungah Lai Siangtho hong simsim leh Tuiphumna tawh kisai-in thu muh thak khat hong nei aa, tuiphum ciangin tui sungah kiphum tektek ding ci-a Tuiphumte’ zat dan hong sang ngiaumawk hi. June 17, 1812 ni-in Calcutta hong tung uh hi. Tembaw tungah a sanna tuiphumna hangin a nupa un Tuiphum pawlpi hong suak mawk uh aa, September 6, 1812 ni-in a nupa un Lal Bazar Baptist Chapel ah Rev. William Ward in tuiphumna pia hi. India gam hong tun madeuh a zanni-in England leh America gal kido ahih manun England-te gamke India gamah Judsonte omthei nading thu om nawnlo uh hi.

Ciahkik dinglah ngaihsun theilo ahih manun Piancit-te tuikulh (Isle of France) Mauritius-ah kha li sung bang hong galtai tadih uh hi. Sangmang sem dingin a paikhiatpih uh Samuel Newel-te nupa Mauritius na tung masa uh hi. Judson-te nupa Mauritius a tun madiak un Sameul Newel ii zi Harriet Newel in sih san ahih manin America gam pan sangmang dingin a kuankhiate lakah a luang tawh khaici a tuh masa penpen nu ahi hi.8 Asih madeuhin a lawmpa a sihkam vaikhak in:

Ka it mahmah ka nu na gen sak in: Harriet in bangzah takin phawk a hiam. Bangzah takin ngai a hiam. Pasian na mitsuan gigen henla: na pom tawntung hen. Tua hileh a haksat gentheih hun ciangin amah in kemin hehnem dending hi. Ka sanggamte kiangah na kohsak in: sih ding bek ngak aa om a sanggamnu in, ‘Leitungah biakna lo buang bang dang ,mahmah a thupi zaw om peuhmah lo hi. Khrih adingin ka pianna nulepa, khualetui, gamlelei nusia in Nisuahna lamah ka pai kisik het keng, na cihsak in’ a cihkhit phet in a mitsi-in, Harriet Newel in leitung nusia ta hi.

Tua bang tuahsiatnate hang tawh a lawmpa tawh a kikhen uh ciangin Judsonte nupa in India gam hong zuankik aa, June 4, 1813 ni-in Madras hong tungkik uh hi. A masuan uh baang bing bang bekbek ahi manin a tawpna ah Malaysia-gam Penang ah mission sem dingin hong kithawi uh aa, Madras panin Georgiana tembaw tawh June 22, 1813 ni-in hong dingkhia ngawngaw uh hi. Lampi-ah huihsia guahsia tuak kha uh ahih manin Ann Judson in nausiat lawh aa, Penang pai ding kimlai tuihualte zangin Pasian in Yangon July 13, 1813 ni-in hong puak litlet mawk hi. Pasian in tuihualte zangin na sem hi. Ciangkhut khawng zangin zong na semtheilua zen hi.

3. Judson’ Sangmang Nasepzia Etkikna (Re-examing Judson’s Mission Approach)

Judson’ mission sepdan ih bulkankik ciangin a nuai-aa bangin kimuthei hi.

3.1 Lailam Nasepna (Literary Mission)

Judson Kawlgam hong tun ciangin thu hilh masa phot lo-in Kawlpau leh Kawllai kum 6 sung hong sin masa hi. Kawllai a sin kawm mahin lailet tawh zong hong thuahpah aa, 1817 ciangin mai 7 apha Khristian Biakna Thu-A View of the Christian Religion cih laihawm hong hawm khia zopah hi. Ava-a Hindu siampi a semngei khat kiangah Kawllai sin masa aa, tua khit ciangin U Aung Min a kicipa kiangah sin leuleu hi.9Tua bangin lailam tawh nasepna hong pan toto aa, Thuciam Thak buppi July 12, 1823 ni-in hong zo in, Dec 19, 1823 ni-in a khetzong kizo hi.

Lai Siangtho buppi Januray 31, 1834 ni-in a tei zo siang aa, Dec 29, 1835 ni-in Lai Siangtho buppi sim theihin kingah theita hi. Bek thamlo-in Judson in Manglai-Kawllai Tongdotbu leh Kawllai-Manglai Tongdotbu zong 1843 kumin zo siang ta mawk hi. Lai tawh nasep ih cih pen eite’tun zawhlohna ah gamgi omlo-in eite tangin Pasian’ thu a va gengen ahih lam Judson in a telman leh Khristian biakna a zungkip theih nading ngimna lianpi tawh lai nasep a kipan ahi hi. Ava-ah Judson a thongkiatna thute German lai-in a kigelh Turkey gam-a Judahmi pawlkhat in na simkha-in, a piangthak lawh mawk uh pen, a nuntakna sungah Judson a lungdam mahmahna khat ahi hi.

3.2. Hotkhiatna Thugenna (Person-to-Person Evangelism)

Kawl Buddhist-te lakah mission nasep pen a thubaih hi lo hi; bang hang hiam cih leh Buddhist biakna zungthuk na khaluakhinzo hi. Kum 6 bang a sepkhit 1819 kumin Maung Naw kici khat bek Khrih nungzuimi suaksak zo hi.10 Hotkhiatna thu a thangko theih nadingin Judson in lamgei-ah Zawlbuk (zayat) khat Kawlte’ buk lamzia tawh kituak-in lam aa, tua lai-a kualzin gamvakte niangphan tawh zindou-in Pasian’ thu na gen a, amasa pen April 4, 1819 ni-in kipan thei hi. Hih bangin mikim tungah Lungdamna thu a gen ciangin amah bekin tang gen (monologue) cih hilo-in kihotuah (dialogue) uh hi. Thuhilhzia (pulpit model) cih dan na zang lo zawin na kikumkhawm (round table model) zaw uh hi.

3.3 Pilnalam Nasepna (Missionary Education)

Judson leh American sangmangte in pilna lam tawh ih Kawlgamah mission hong nak sep phamahmah uh hi. Ann Judson bangin Nitaksang ci-in numei-naupangte pilna sinna leh Pasian thugenna, pattahna-in a neilam kinak muh mahmah hi. Sangmangte in a diakin Sun Sang (Day School) leh Giahden Sang (Boarding School) cih na nei uh hi. 1820 kumin Kawl numeite lakah Khristian suak masa pen Ma Min Lay ii huhna tawh Tuiphum Mission Sun Sang kihong ta hi. Tua ma ciangciang Kawlgam ah numeite peuhmah lai kisinsak nailo hi. Tua hun lai-in Kawlte’ biakna sang (monastery) ah numeite in lai sin thei cih thadah zong lut pakpak theilo hi.

1833 kumin Cephas Bennett ii huhna tawh Tennaserim-gamke ah mipi laisinna (public education) sang kihongta hi.11 Tua bangin damdamin hong kilawh toto aa, 1984 kumin Judson College (tu’n Yangon University), St. Paul leh St. John cih bangin hong kihongto hi. Pilna ih cih in ih lungsim hong hawlpen hi a, tua pilna neileng kikhangto baih pen ding ahih lam sangmangte in tel uh ahih manin pilna tawh hong pantah uh ahi hi. Leitungah zong leisung sumpianna a tamna gamte sangin mipil tamna gamte mah khangto zaw hi.

3.4 Cidamnalam Nasepna (Medical Mission)

Judson a om sung mahin America panin cidamnalam sangmang Dr.Jonathan Price leh a zi,a tanu tawh December 1821 kumin hong tung uh hi. Cidamna lam tawh kisai-in Felix Carey in zong mamong na pan khin ahih manin Kumpi Bagyidaw in na zakha aa, Mr. Price na sam pah hi. Judson in zong na zui-a Sep 27, 1822 ni-in kumpipa tenna Ava ah va pai uh hi. Kumpipa zong Mr. Price ii siamnate a muh ciangin nak lungdamlua mahmah-aa a khuapi-ah a ten nadingin na khopah hi.

Hih hun sungin sangmangte in kha mangthang a matloh uh hangin, mi cina tampi mah na damsak uh hi. Tua bang mahin sangmang dangte in zong cidamna lam tawh hong pantah aa, phak zato, zatui hawmna, leh Duffrin zatote hong phuan uh hi. Dr East bang zong Zogam khuakim phial sik-in cinate na bawldam mawk hi. Leitung galpi hun lai-in miliamte a kem Kawlgam (a diakin Kachin) leh India (Nagaland) huam sung-a nasep Dr Gordon S. Seagrave bang minthang mahmah hi.

Judson nasepna a kicing zaw deuhin gelh ding cileng Buddhist biakna (Encounter with Buddhism) tawh a kitalsikna leh Kumpite tawh a kimuhtuahnate (Encounter with the State) cihte zong gelh ding a kilawm mahmah thu ahih tei hangin i laimai hawmthawh ihih manin tuazah tawh ih khawlbawl phot tadih ding hi. Bang hangin Kawlgam ah mission nasep kilawhcing pukpuk lo hiam? cih zong a kanhuai mahmah thu khat ahi hi.

3.5 Judson’ Awging (the Voice of Judson)

Judon’ mission nasepna pen paak kiphah lampi tawt bang hi lo-in, ling kiphah lampi tot abang ahi hi. A zi masa Ann H. Judson, a zi nihna Sarah Boardman-te khuai-in leh a zi thumna Emily Chubbuck ahih leh ama sih khitdeuh kum 4 teh si hi. Mangkang kumpi leh Kawl kumpi kidona hangin Ava leh Aungpinhle-ah thongkia hi.12 Kawl kumpite in a telkhialh theih nadingin thute zong na om veve hi. Gamkeek Mangkangte’ gam thu (politics) ah a kihel lianloh hangin gamthu vai hawm nading-aa biakna thu pawlkhatah Judson a kihelna na om aa, Bengal panin America-te in huh nading mission sum a puak ciangin Mr. Gouger kici Mangkangpa tung tawnin puak a hih manin Mangkangte tawh kigulluk dingin upmawhna om hi.

Tua hangin thong na kia aa, thong a kiat sungin a zi in a Lai Siangtho tei bangte lukham tawh hualkhawmin na puaksim zel hi.Nuntakna hamsa salua ahih manin Mawlaimyaing (Kyaiatkhami) gamah a omlai-in gamlakah kha 6 vivel tol omin an kipuaksak-aa a lungsim cina ngei hi. A lungkialua mahmah ahih manin pi 3 a zai pi 6 a sau dum zong to ngei-in tua sungah a sisa bangin amahmahlehamah kisial ngei hi. Mission nasep hamsa salua ahih manin a awm sung panin awging pawlkhat hong pawtkhia mai aa;

Aw Pasian – Kei tawh hong omkhawm tawntung hi napi cin; bang hangin hamsat-gentheihna, lungkham-mangbatnate leh natvet-satvette hong thuaksak sese na hia? Khrih ading hi kei leh maw?,” “Nopna- dahna, natna-satna bangbang ih tuak zongin ih mainawt ding hi. Kawlgam mualpawn lakah ih vawh-aa, Zion mualah ih at ding hi,” “Kawlgam’ mailam ding ka ngaihsut ciang; Pasian’ kamciam a tun pelmawh bangin lamet omin tang sa ing,” “Sanggamte aw, Jesuh mitsuan gige un. A maitang na muhna hangun hehnepna leh nopna na ngah ding uh hi. Natna na thuak ciangun Jesuh en un; nuntakna hong pia ding hi.

Thukhen hun ciangin zong Jesuh en un; amahin nang hong hon ding hi,” “Sawtveipi ka thuak ding haksatnate Pasian ap lel ning. Nopna leh suaktakna hong pia singlamteh hangin ka thuak gimnate lungdamna hi zaw; haksatna hangin ka kuaikutna khempeuh khuaizu bangin khum zungzung sa mai ing,” “Hih ka tei laitakin ka khitui luang keuhkeuh hi. Ka sep ding a lianpen in Lungdamna thu tangko ding himahtaseleh; Lai Siangtho teina in zong Kawlgamah Khristian biakna a thuklut theih nadingin a thupipen khat mah hi veve,” cih bangin kammal hoih pawlkhat hong nusiat lai hi.13

4. Judson’ Sangmang Nasepzia Leptuahkikna (Re-evaluating Judson’s Mission Strategy)

Judson’ mission nasepna ih etciankik ciangin pumpi nuntak nading leh kha nuntak nadingin kilekkim takin semkhawm ahih manin bucing (holistic) mahmah kici thei hi. Tu lai Evangelical-te in mission a sep uh ciangin kha (spiritual) bekbek ultungsak uh aa, a langkhat ah Ecumenical-te in pumpi (physical) bekbek mah hahbawlzaw uh hi. A taktakin cileng hih thute gel a kikhenthei ding thu hilo aa, a luangkhawm ding ahi zaw hi. A hang in Lungdamna thu pen pumpi leh kha ading ahi hi (John 10:10).

Hih thu nihte pen maitang nih a nei sumngo tangkhat tawh a kibang linlian ahi hi. Judson in kha thu bek hi lo-in leitung khantoh nadingin a sep ciangin a bulkip mahmah hi aa, tual khantohna (social transformation) a piangsak ahi hi. Khrih’ mission nasepna (Missio Christie) sungah zong tua bangmahin kha leh taksa thu mah na kihel-a khantoh nading mah kilekkim takin a bulphuh lam kimuthei hi. (Luke 4:18-19).A gam a lei, a it a pawlpi leh a innkuanpihte nusia ngiat in, namdangte lakah Pasian thu genngiat cih mawk pen Lai Siangtho tawh kituaklua(biblical) mahmah hi(Acts 1:8).

Kumpi Bagyidaw tawh kihokawmin Pasian’ thu a pulak thei mawk zong tulai minam tuamtuam; ngeina tuamtuamte leh biakna tuamtuamte lakah Pasian’ thu tangko dan ahi; kihotuahna (dialogue) cih pen amah in a na zang khin zo hi mawk hi. Lamah geih-ah zawlbuk khat lamin tua mun panin kihotuah dan tawh gupna thu a gen mawk zong tual nuntakna tawh kituak (contextual) lua mahmah hi. “Khrih ading hi kei leh maw?” ci-a a lungtang pan-a ciktui bangaa a phulkhia awgingte, America-gamah nuamsa taka nungta thei ding kimlai, Kawlgamah haksak-gentheih thuak dingaa hong paina, a zi a tate a khuaina, a cihtakna, a lawhcinna leh a han ding leitang nangawn omlo-aa a sihnate ih ngaihsut ciangin, ‘Kawl mite’ leitang leh tual nuntakna (web of socio-econmics) sungah hong tualniamin hong kithunlut (incarnational) taktak mah ei maw?; amah hong kinialtakpi (self-denial) ei mataw,’ cih ding loh buang thudang mahmah gen ding omthei vetlo hi.

Thu dang khatin genni cileng Thuciam Lui sungaa Moab mi Ruth Model tawh kibang taktak ei maw, cih ding ahi hi (Ruth 1:16).14 Judson in mission a sepna Kawlte lakah a thuzawh mite hamtangpi-in Khristian suaksak (Christianization/forced conversion) ngei hetlo aa, amuate’ uttawmthu (voluntary conversion) bek mah na ngakzaw den hi. ‘Khristian hong suak un!’ ci-in neihsa-lamhsa tawh na zol ngeilo hi. Tua hi a, kum zalom 21 sungah Judson mission nasepzia mah ih bulphuh ding, ih dapphah ding leh ih etteh ding ahi hi. Bang hang hiam cih leh Buddhist biakna zungthuk takin a khasa Kawlmite lakah mission sep cih pen a thubaih hi lo hi.

Tua manin Judson in, “Kawlte khat Khristian hong suak ding sangin; sahang’ hapi khat bohsak leng baih zaw inteh,” ci tangial hi.Judson in mission a sep ciangin vakkawikawi aa Paul bangin pawlpi phut kawikawi (churh planting) cihte pawl kimukhollo-in munkhat bulphuh (church-based mission) in nasem zaw hi. Kum zalom 21 sungah Kawlte lakah mission ih sep sawmleh Buddhist biakna, ngeina, tualnuntakna leh tuhun thupiangte encianin ih dapphah ciang bekin ih mission lawhcing zo pan ding hi. Tua bangin ih sep theih nadingin Judson’ mission sepdan mah ih ettehpi ding ih kungmui ahi hi. Judson pen a omna khempeuhah ettehtaak (man of model) dingin, a kampauna, a gamtatna leh a pusuah-sungtumna khempeuhah omin nungta sinsen mawk hi.

Thukuang Khupna

Pasian’ mission nasep (Missio Dei) ih cih pen a zaipi hi aa, mihingte’ ngaihsut bat zawh ding thu hi lo hi. Khrih leitungah hong pai ciangin Khristian gamkeek ding na hi masalo-in Pasian’ Kumpi Gam (the Kingdom of God) phuh ding na hi zaw hi (Mk.1:16).Pasian gam ih cih pen Saddle-back-aa pastor Rick Warren in na hi ci gen hi; “Pasian’ gam ih cih pen Khrih kumpi-aa ih koihna munmun ahi hi. Na lungsim sungah na koih leh na lungsim sungah a om hi pah aa, na innkuan sung leh na pawlpi sungah na koih leh na innkuan sung leh na pawlpi sungah Pasian’ kumpi gam a om hi pah hi,” na ci hi.13 Hi takpi mah hi.

Khrih kumpi-aa ih koihna mun pen Pasian’ Gam hi takpi aa, tua gamnuam sungah ki-itna (love), kilemna (shalom-peace), thutanna (righteouhsness), thumanna (justice), leh kolpan suahtakna (freedom) cihte om ding hi. Judson zong Kawlmite Khristian hong suaksak dingin hong pai masa hizaw lo-in; Khrih nungzui a suaksak dingin a hong pai ahi hi.Thuk ngaihsut zek leng; Khristian suak mawkmawkna (Embracing Christianity) leh Khrih’ nung zuihna(Following Christ) pen kilamdang mahmah hi. Zalom 21 sungah mission ih sep ciangin Khrih nungzui ih suaksaksawm zawk ding thupi khangel ding hi. Anduh-tuiduh bangin Zomite’ lungsim sungah mission veina hong om henla, a kuanglai Judson’ mission sawlbawk mitsak kha het lo-in ih pawlpi sung leh ih pawlpi pua-ah Mission a sem zo dingin Pasian in a thupha hong buak ta hen! Amen. Mr. Suang Khen Pau

Endnotes

David J. Bosch, Transforming Mission: Paradigm Shifts in Theology of Mission (Mary knoll, New York: Orbis Book, 1991), 16.

Comoas Indicopleustes a kici khualzinpa in AD 600 kimin Kawlgam leh Siam (Thai) ah Khristian ka mu khin hi, ci-in gen ngei hi. See http://www.oxuscom./ch-of-east.htm, accessed on 14 July 2011. Nestorian- te thu-umkhial (heretics) a kikoih uh Ephesus Council (431AD) leh Chalcedon Council (351AD) aa, kipanin amaute in gamthak nawt mahmah uh aa, Asia gamsungah bel a kizel takpimah na hihtuak hi. Phillipine nangawn ah Nestorian-te tua hunin tungkhin dingin kiummawh hi. Nestorian upna cih pen Constantinople (428-431 AD) aa siampi sem Nestorius’ thuhilhna hi aa, amah in Khrih ii Pasian hihna (divinity) leh mihing hihna (humanity) pen kigawm lo-in a tuamtuak hi, ci-in hilh hi.

Tua manin Topa Jesuh ii nu Nungak siangtho Mary lawh nadingin Grerk lai-in Theotokos (khiatna Pasian ii nu- Mother of God) a kizat pen manlo hi. Mary pen Pasian ii nu i cih ciangin Jesuh I Topa ii mihing hihna bei hi, ci hi. Tua ahih manin Jesuh Kharih ii nu Christotokos (mother of Christ) cih ding hi, acih ciangin siampi dangte in sang theilo uh aa, thu-umkhial in ciamteh uh hi. Tua hun lai-in siampite laisinna lai siangtho sang gina mahmah nih om aa, Alexandria Sang leh Antioch Sang ahi hi. Alenxandria-te in lai siangtho a khiat uh ciangin thu phual seel aa gen nam (allegorical) nakzat uh aa, Antioch sang in a hih leh amal malin (literal) khia hi.

Yangon Chin Catholic Fellowship Ruby Jubilee Magazine (1968-2008), pp., 271-274. Hih sungah zong na en lecin, Scott W. Sunquist, A Dictionary of Asian Christianity (Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2001), 574.

Simon Pau Khan En, “The Ecumenical Perspective of Christianity by the Churches in Myanmar” in RAYS- MIT Journal of Theology (Yangon: MIT, 2009):7.

Sri Lanka aa Protestant mission sem masate pen James Chater leh a zi Ann Chater hi aa, 1812 kumin kipan uh hi. 1814 kum ciangin Mr. Sierce ngahpah uh hi. Kum 17 a sepzawh ciangin a gam England a va ciah leh lampi ah James Chater si hi, ci-in kiciamteh hi.

Adoniram pen Yale graduate ahih bangah Tuitheh (Congregationalist) pawlpikem sia khat ahi hi.1786 kum Malden khua-ah pastor dingin a kisap ciang dong Massachusetts gamkhenah vakkawnsia sem hi.Tua kum mahin Rhode Island gamkhen Tiverton khuami Abigail Brown tawh hong kiteng uh aa, tapa nih Adoniram Judson, Elnathan leh tanu nih Abigail, Mary nei uh a, Mary ahih leh a piankum mahin sipah hi.A pawlpi sungah buaina tuamtuam leh kimuhdah-kietsatna a om ciangin 1791 kumin khawl hi. Tua khit ciangin Wenham ah Starling pound 95 tawh pastor sem kik leuleu aa, ahi zongin nuntakna hamsalua ahih manin 1799 kumin tawlnga leuleu hi. 1817 kumin a tapa ii Tuiphum upna sang ahih manin Plymouth-a om Tuiphum pawlpi ah 1826 kum a sih dong mah thuhilhin om hi. See Stacy R. Warburton, EASTWARD! The Story of Adoniram Judson (New York: Round Table Press, INC, 1937), 3-4.

L. Helen Percy, Adoniram Judson: Apostle of Burma (USA: Gospel Trumpet Company, 1926), 21-24.

Ethel Daniels Hubbard, Ann of Ava (New York: Missionary Education Movement of United States and Canada, 1913), 62-63.

Maung Shwe Wa, Burma Baptist Chronicle, (Yangon: Board of Publication, 1961), 8.

Indai gama sangmang sem William Carey zong kum 7 a sep khit ciangin Krishna Pal a kici Hindu-te khat na ngah pan aa, Zogamah zong mission a kisep zawh kum 6 aphak 1905 kumin pu Thuam Hang leh Pau Suante Khristian na suakzo pan uh hi.

Festschrift Committee, ed., Our Theological Journey: Writings in honor of Dr. Anna May Say Pa (Yangon: MIT, 2006): 117-118.

Ann Judson tawh a neih tapa Roger Williams (1815-1816) kum khat khit ciangin sipah aa, tanu Maria Elizabeth (1825-1827) a hih leh kum nih khit ciangin si hi. Adoniram Judson kumpipa kiangah a nunung pen Pasian’ thugentheih nading phalna(torelance) ngen-aa a pai, a ciahkik madeuhin Ann Judson Amherst-ah Oct 24, 1826 ni-in na sikhin hi. Tua khit ciangin Sarah Boardman tawh 10 April, 1834 ni-in kitengkik aa, tanu-tapa giat neihpih hi. Sarah Boardman ih cih pen Karen-te lakah sangmang masapen George Dana Boardman ii zi hi aa, amah tawh ta thum a neihkhit ciangin sihsan mawk hi.Sarah zong damlo ahih manin kibawl dingin tembaw tawh America gam a ciah uh leh Dec 1, 1845 ni-in St. Helena a kici tuikhulhah si hi.

Kawlgam hong paikik madeuh June 2, 1846 ni-in Emily Chubbuck tawh kitengkik leuleu hi. Judson’ zite pen lailam siamna a nei vive hi a, a zi thumna bang novel(phuahtawm tangthu) a at siam mahmah khat ahi hi. Emily tawh Emily Frances leh Charlie nei uh a, Charlie ahih leh a suaktungin si hi. Judson zong nattun natna tawh America gamah kibawl dingin kipuakhia aa, April 12, 1850 ni-in Andaman tuipi tungah a kivui nading leitang nangawn omlo-in a it sangmang nasep leh Kawl mite hong nusia ta hi. A sih khit ciangin a zite tawm vei om lai uh aa, ahih hangin a ciahkik khit June 1, 1854 ni-in Emily Chubbuck in sihsan hi A thu kicing zaw dingin , Arabella Stuart, The Three Mrs. Judsons (Springfield: Particular Baptist Press, 1999) leh Rosalie Hall Hunt, The Judson History and Legacy(|Valley Forge: Judson Press, 2005), cih laibute sim beh in.

Report on Judson Sunday by Myanmar Baptist Convention (July, 2009).

Ruth model cih ciangin na paina peuhah ka pai ding, na giahna ah ka giak ding (social-politicio incarnation), na mite keima mite hi dingaa, na sihna ah ka kivui ding (cultural incarnation), na pasian keima pasian (religious incarnation) cihte ahi hi. Official Report of the Centenary Baptist World Congress (2005), Birmingham, England, pp 37.