Critical Thinking leh Zomite pilsinna

Critical Thinking leh Zomite pilsinna

Thu ngaihsut-theihna pen a kipiangsak khempeuh lak ah, mihingte a tuam vilvel in, a hong kipia hamphatna lianpen a hihi. Pawlkhat te in, taldom ngeungau in ngaihsun uh aa, pawlkhat in ka theih/ngaihsut banghiam? cihzong don selo in, hun ki beisak lel hi.

Critical Thinking (CT) pen, a mun leh mual zui-in a deihna tampi in, kikhia thei hi. A tomtheipen in, “khinkhai theihna” kici leh, kinaipen ding a hihi. Thuza/thuthei khempeuh, thupiang khempeuh a theiphial zong in, mipil/ciim kici theilo, a cihna a hihi. Tua hi aa, khinkhaisiam te-in, bingphut cih bang omlua samlo hi. Itna masuan Pasian upna sung ah ki bingfoot thei bek hi.

British hunlai, Burma-India hunlai pek in a minthang vangvang a citak pen, a ki-it pen leh ciampello pen a kici te, tuhun ciang, unau sanggam sang-in, midang a muangzawphial dinmun ciangdong, moral a down na uh pen, kumpi hoihlo leh CT bulphuh pilsinna a kingahlohna zong a hang khat hi peelmawh ding hi.

Zomite bek hilo, Kawlgammi a tamzaw in, thuleng (info/news) khatpeuhpeuh,kantel phot selo in, upziau ciangbek hilo, ummawhsat in, a pehtawi ziauziauna uh penzong, pilsinna sanginn ah CT bulphuh-lohna zong kihel ding in, kigen hi.Thuza thuthei khempeuh thumu kisa kha hi. CT bulphuh pilsinna a ngahkha sung ah zong, lungsim taw-phah in, thugen mahmah lai kicihi. A hizong pilsinna ah, laisinte a khangtosak leh a lawpsakpen CT bulphuh lai kihilhzia kici hi.

A langkhat ah, CT a zangvetlo minam lakah makaai gina ompeuh leh a hiciang khat tunpih veve thei kici hi. Banghang hiam cih leh, makaaite thu a kawi a maam in zuikimphial uh a hih man-un, ki thutuak uh aa, gualzawhna a ngahna ciang zong om hi. Gentehna in, Pawimi (R-awkaihdeuh a kici) sung ah kithutuakna omzaw in kigen hi. A kigenciang, mipi-in, makaaite vaihawmkhat zuimasa phot uh aa, vainung ah thudiklehdiklo lemkik uh kici hi. Tu hun ciang, social media pen langnihhiam-namsau tawh kibang a hih man-in, banglam in lekzaw cih bel, mipite mungtupna leh lungngulhna tung ah kinga hi.

Zomite CT bulphuh pilsinna, khuasakna leh ki makaihna ah koimun pawl ah ih om tam? A laklawh laitak maw, a tawdap ah, a hih keileh tehkaaktheihding dinmun ah omvet nailo? Kawlgambupsung minamdang khempeuh tawh a ki tehtheihlo Zomite hamphatna khat bel, pilsinna-hoih ki ngahna mun, leitung ah democracy gamlianpen Indiagam ah a teeng’ hong angvan laizom sanggam a neihna uh hi. Tua sanggam te’n a lamlak ding uh, kiniamkhiatna tawh a muan ding uh a hi lel hi. A kizang theilo pi, kiphatsakna in, guallelhna kici hi.

A dang tampi a ki et ma-in, Kawlgammite in a pahtaak mahmah uh, General Aung San kampau “A hoih pen lam-en kawm in, a siapen ding ki gingkhol in-Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst” a cih kammal bek kilungngai leh, Kawlgamsung Zomi thautawite aa ding mailam kalsuanzia ding khentat hak hetlo ding hi lel hi. Makaai gina khat in, a mipihte gamlehlo-thak a satpihzo pah keilehzong , a gilvahna ding uh leh a lungmuanna ding uh lunggulh masa in, a kullopi sihpihngamna sang-in, hinpihngamna in mannei zaw ding a hihi.

A beisa in, Kawlgam pilsinna sanginn ah, CT bulphuh laihilhna a kizatna ding’ a hunhun kumpi thunei te in, hanciamto mahta leh, hamsiatna tawh mabing den in, a om hi. Tua hi aa, Kawlgam taangpitaangta cih gen loh, a sangpen siamsinna ah gualzawhna a ngahsa te ngawn lak ah CT in munla in, zungkha zolo kici hi.

Tua ban ah, Kawlgam pilsinna pen ngeina leh gam kiukna tung ah tampi kinga hi. Mangkaang hunlai pek pan-in, Kawl phungyi sanglai kihilhdaan (a kihilh bangbang in ciaptehna) leh Gaalkap kumpi khutnuai ah, a kisawl bangbang nialtheih omlo cihbang ki makaihzia tawh a ki kalsuan toto a hihna tawh, laisinmite in laihilhte thudot theihna hun leh a thu tampi kipia lo aa, a kawi a maam laihilhte hilh bangbang tawh ki naamtaak kul a hihi. Laihilhte leh thuneite thubek hita ngial hi.

Nitumna khangto a kicihna pilsinna sanginn ah, Zolai sang (primary school) pan kipan in, laisin naugpangte kihelna kikupna tawh kipantah pah uh hi. Laisinna sanginn bek hilo in, nasep siamsinna munte ah CT bulphuh kihilhzia kizang hi. A tom in, thusin ding thulu khat tungtawn in theihsa, theihbehnop, theihsaknop leh theihuaithu te laisinte tawh a kituak bat tantan, laisinte kikal a hizong, laisinte leh laihilhte kikal, kikupna leh dotna leh dawnna pan, kipanto hi. Laisimbu/textbook cihbang omlo, simhuai laibu cihbang in kikoihsak hi.

Critical Thinking taangthu tomno:

Critical Thinking kammal a kizat masak hun pen BC500 pawl in, kiciamteh aa, tuazawh BC400 pawl in, Greek philosopher Socrates in limzat masapen phial ding in, kigen hi. Thu piang thu kigen khat telgeh in theihnopna hang tawh dotna kammalte a kizatna pan kipankhia hi. Gentehna, a kigen thu khat pen, a genkua, a hun leh mun, a deihna leh a kipatna bang? cihbang tepawl dotna kammalte a hihi.

Socrates nung ah, Renaissance kici kipuahphatna hunsung inzong,thungaihsut-hat minthang pawlkhat Bacon, Hume, Kant, Berkeley leh Descartes te inzong a piang taktak leh ummawhthu, muhdan thu, a kilamdana te bangci ngaihtuah siam in, bangci khuasakding cihbang dotna, kikupna te thupi ngaihsut in, nei uh hi.

Kumzalom 19 nung, industrial revolution (setpi tawh nasepna) in, pilsinna hong tangzaisak semseem aa, siamsinna kiva John Dewey in 1910 kum-in, , siamsinna tawh ki memat in, sepna siamna te “etkak kiikna” ci-in min a vawh hi. A kimuthak seplehbawl siamna te taangpi-taangta in, noptuampih leh a zattheih- zuihtheihding kilamlahna-khat in, a kilaakding deihna a hi hi.

1930 ciangin, CT maban dawlkhat ki laamto in, American pilsinna sanginnte ah thului thupiang te bangci kantel leh a hitheipenthu khinkhaisiam nading’ deihna tawh leitungpaizia sinna, mihing khuasakzia ettelna leh thupiang khat tung ah, a kilawm-kituakpen thuluan-ngaihsutsiam nading in, a sinnna in, kizangsak masa phot hi. Pilsin sangnaupangte khinkhai ngaihsutzia a kitelnopna himah leh tudongciang lam-et bang in, kilawhcing zonailo kici lai hi.

1956 ciang in, pilsinna kikhangkhan nadingmah deihna tawh, Bloom’s Taxonomy (Pilsinna makaaipa minpua) a kici, pilsinna-dawl ciaptehna khat, ki bawlkhia hi. Tua dawl ah, thutheihna zatsiamna pen a sangpen in ki koih aa, a thutheih/ciapteh lelna pen a niampen dawl ah kikoih hi. 2002 ciang in, Anderson leh a pawlte in, Taxonomy hong puahphato lai uh hi.

Tunai ciang in, kumpi nasepna leh a pualam sumbawl paailbawlna ah zong siamna a khantoh nading deihna tawh zatding in, a munmun ah kihanthawn mahmah hi. President Obama in, CT pen USgam khuasak nading neihloh peelmawh thu6 lak ah khat a hi, ci-in 2014 The State of the Union- kumcin thugenna ah a hel hi.

Kawlgam pilsinna leh Critical Thinking:

Kawlgam pilsinna pen ngeina sung ah zungthukkha mahmah hi. Kawl phungyi-lai etlohsa cihkikna (lotngah-by heart- rot learning), British ki-ukna leh gaalkap ki ukna tawh a kilamto gamsung ah, laihilhte cihbang laisinte’n a kawi a maam in, zuihna a hihi. Hih tungtawn inzong, u hamte tung ah zahtaakna aa kipan, cihtakna leh lungkhauhna cihbang ngeina kip khat hong omsam hi.

UNICEF te thuciaptehna bel, laihhilh mikhat ciang laisin 100kiim bang a pha naupangte tung ah, a hun uh sehli suah sehthum bang laihilhna in zang uh aa, laisinte in CT zangin thudot kik hun ding om phalo ci uh hi.

A gingkhia laisimsak na, a kilokhia nungzuihna, tamveipi cih kikkiksakna tawh ciaptehna cihbang laihilhna in hun kizang hi. Tua bang hang in, laisinte in laimal khat, thupai khat a khiatna theiselo in, a ciaptehna uh pen, a ngeina khat hong suak hi.

Laisin naupangte masuan-masa CT zatding deihna tawh Kum30 sung laisinzia ding geelna khat 2002 in a ki bawl demdam hi. Tua zawh kum15 sung in kipuah toto aa, a nunung pen 2016-2021 laihilhzia dingzong ki geel khia hi. A hizong, ettheih ding in a lawhcinlohna pen laihilhte mawhpaihna kipia maita hi.

A taktak in bel, laihilhte mawhpaih pahding sang in, pilsinna-vai thunei te aa kipan, a gam-uk kumpite in, a kisam thu leh la, sumlehpaai vaihawm leh lawhcing pen ding a hihi.

CT siksan Prospect Burma (PB) te Pilsinna tawsawn kalsuanna:

Pilsin sangnaupang te khangto in, pilsinna-sangzaw gamsung gampua university a zoptheih nading uh leh inn a ciahkik uhciang in, a khuapih tuipihte khuasak nuntaakna, a ki lamdansak nading in, a ki geelna ah CT hilhna a nei uh hi. Pilsinna sang ngah nading lampi, makaihsiam nading’ a kisam siamna leh sangsum, innciahciang in, pilna kihoptheih nading kisam laikung laidal cihbang in zong, a panpih uh hi.

PB sangnaupang lui Dr TheinLwin in a bawl laibu zang in, Kawlgam pilsin naupang te CT bulphuh pilsinna, laihilhte hilhding bek hilo, laisin naupangte makhuat theihding ngimna tawh a nuai aa bang in kalsuan pih uh hi.

• 1. Thu kaih khopna: Laihilhte in, thulukhat pia masa hi. Tua thulu tungtawn in, laisinte kikal ah theihna, muhna, telna and ngaihsunna te ki kumsak uh hi. Tua kikupna tungtawn in a theihsa, theihnailoh leh theihbehnop thute uh gawmtuah in a ban kanbehtohna tawh kizom hi.
• 2. Thutheihna kilamhna: Laisinte kikal ah a thutheih thakte kihawm in, thudotna kibawl hi. Hih sung ah laihilhte in, a thuluanzia ding huhna piathei aa, mailam kalsuanbeh nading zong lamlakthei hi.
• 3. Thutheih kaihkhopna leh ciaptehna: laibu sung pan leh kikupna pan a theihte uh kikaai khawm hi. Hi mun ah, a kihilhte back hilo, laisinte kikalsung pan zong theihna a ki hawmkhiat na, tua pan-in, a kingahtheizah tawh a thu a kicing keizong, a taangpi in muhna khat kingah thei hi.

Hih hunsung in, CT min pulaakkul selo in, laisinte in a theihlohkal un, a mau kikal dotna dawnna leh kikupna pan thu tampi mukhia thei uh hi. A kipia thulu sisak in, a kipatna dik/lo, thutak leh upmawhthu a hihna te theikhia zozaw uh cih, mukhia uh hi

Tulai Zomi leh CT pilsinna:

Zomite, a diakdiak in, Kawlgamsung ah a omte aa ding, Khasiangtho Pasian khiang pan a hong paingiat pianpih khinkhai theihna, ciimna a ki ngah kei leh, pilsinna sanginn lampan ngah na ding bel mualmong et sang-in, gamla zawlai tawh kibang phot hi. A hizong in, Pasian theihloh in, a piang khatzong omlo kici hi. Itna Pasian na up aa, a deihna leh a thukhamte na zuih takpi leh a bucing khinkhaisiamna na nei ta hi. Nantal’suan (Propect Burma’s 2020 Autum newsletter tomlaakna leh lamlahna tawh)