Dear Zomi U leh naute aw,
Harvard University ah, Political Scientist leh Professor ahi Samual P. Huntington in leitung Democracy kikhelna pen hunpi 3 in khensuk hi. 1828-1926kum kikal akhat veina Democracy kikhelna tuihual in na ciapteh a, 1922-1942kum kikal pen Democracy pan nungtolh kik hun in na ciapteh hi. 1943-1962kum kikal pen a nih veina, 1958-1975kum kikal pen a nungtolh kikna , 1974kum a kipan pen a thum veina kipan hi ci in ama laibu at The Third Wave acihna sungah a kicing takin gen hi. “A thumveina tuihual pipen 1990kum leh 2000kum pawlin khawlin a nungtolhlam manawh hi” a ci mipil pawlkhat om hi. Ahi zongin Kawlgam gamvai lam a siam leh Democracy kikhelna lam asiam ahi Larry Diamond “A thum veina tuihual a kizomzom hi in, leitung gambup huam in hileh a manawt veve aa damdam in apai hi bek hi” ci hi. Anih in man hi kici thei ding hi. Arab Spring akici, Middle East lamte kikhelna, gamvai a khanlawhna pen Democracy lam a zuan dingin apai hi leh kilawm napi in, a lehlam ah paikik or ngimna tangtung lo in buai mahmah zaw pian uh hi. Kawlgam ahih leh damdam in ong kikhel in tu in ahih leh ahoih mahmah ta cih theih dinmun a tung thei hita hi.
Kikhelna tuihual masa ( 1828-1926kum)
Democracy kikhelna tuihual masa pen American ten suahtak dingin ahanciamna pan leh Piantit ( France ) gamsung khanlawhna pan akipan kikhelna tuihualpi ahi hi. A hunpen kum 100 val bang sawtin, a saupen tuihual hiphot hi. Leitung a om gamte ii 45.3% bangin Democracy gamah kikhel hi. Ahih hangin Democracy ii alanglamte zong nahat zel in 1922-1942 in Facism leh Communism ahat gamte ahi Germany, Italy , Russia leh Japan gam cihte hangin Democracy pan in nungtolhna lianpi na om hi. Leitung gamte khempeuh ii 19.7% dongah kiasuk hi.
Kikhelna tuihual nihna ( 1943-1962kum )
Democracy kikhelna tuihual nihna pen, Galpi nihna ah a guallel gamte ( Germany, Italy, Japan, Turkey ) tungtawn pan in na kipan hi. Tua bek hilo in Gamkekte ( British, France, Holland, etc…) khutsung pan suahtakna ngahthak gam tampi zong tuihual nihna in nawk kha hi. Tua lak ah Kawlgam zong kihel in 1948kum in Mangkang kumpi tungpan suahtakna a ngah khitteh Parliament Democracy ukna tawh ki uk hi. Hih tuihual nihna ah Zomite zong gamvai ah na kihel ta uh hi. Zogam tawh akinai pen India zong tua tuihual nihna tungtawn mah pan aki pan hi in, Mizoram leh Manipur lam ah Zomite in zong, hih kikhelna tuihual nihna in nawkkha ta hi. Hih tuihual nihna in leitung gam khempeuh ii 32.4% pen Democracy gam suak hi. Hih kikhelna tuihual pen kum 20kum bek sawtin tuihual a tom in kiciapteh hi. Hih kikhel hun sungin adahhuai mahmah thu zong tampi om hi. Gam kikhenna, minam khat gam nih in kikhenna cih bangin a thahat a minthang gamvai sanzia te ( Democracy Vs Communism ) om hun ahi hi. East and West Germany, South and North Vietnam, Soun and North Korea, China leh Taipeng cih bangin buai ngeingai hun zong ahi hi. Kawlgam ah zong a ki khenkham leh a kitamkham dektak phial dongin tualgal na om in, gam kikhenna dong tungzo lo sam hi.
Kawlgam a nungtolhna
Leitung ah thautawh hilo a thu tawh kidona ( Cold War ) akhauhpai mahmah hun, Communist te’ thakhauh mahmah hunin gam tampi mah nungtolh leuleu uh hi. Tuihual nihna in anawk hunin Kawlgam zong gam pawlkhat danin khen 2 khen 3 asuak dektak ahih phial hangin ki khen kham sam lo hi. A hih hangin tualgal huhau hangin leh Gam ki ukna vai-ah sandan kibatlohna hangin ( Democracy Vs Communism Vs Socialism ) tualgal nasia mahmah in, hih tualgal hang mahin gam thanem in nungtolh lam a manawh ahi hi. Hih a nungtolhna pen lai-at pa Samuel P. Huntington in 1958-1975 dongin na ciapteh hi. Kawlgam zong 28th Sept, 1958kum in General Ne Win in, U Nu tungpan thuneihna la hi. 1960kum in thuneihna a apkik hangin 2nd March, 1962kum in lakik veve in tua pen 1988kum dong a lensuak hi ta zen hi. Tua khitteh ama mite mah in lensuak in tua pen 2010kum dong Kawlgam thuneihna lecip uh hi. Leitung gamte khempeuh ii 24.6% ah kiasuk kik hi.
Kikhelna tuihual thumna ( 1974- Present )
Hih kikhelna pen Europe leitaw lam aa om Portugal gam pan kipan in Arab gam ( Middle East ) simloh mun khempeuh phial ah ki zel mangin, akhangto ding akipan gam 30 bangah kikhelna om hi. Leitung gamte ii 45.4% bangpen Democracy gam suak hi. A diakin Cold War zong ong daita in, Communist gam lianpi ahi Russia gam zong hih hun sungin kikhen kham mang hi. Germany gam zong nisuah na leh nitumna kikhenna pan kigawm kik in tangthu ah aminthang mahmah Berlin Wall zong kicim ta aa, 3rd Nov, 1990 kum pan kipan in Germany gam kigawm kik hi.
Kawlgam leh a thumveina tuihual
Kawlgam ah zong 1988kum in kikhelna tuihual kipan kik aa, tua tungtawn in tu laitak aa ukna nei NLD party leh amakai Daw Aung San Suu Kyi te na minthang hi. Sangnaupang te tampi in a nuntakna beilawh uh a, tampi mah gilbem sung kitun hi. Kawlgam lam ZNC zong tua kum mahin kiphut hi. Zomite zong Kawlgam gamvai ah khatvei thasan in na kipan kik leuleu hi. NLD makaite hita leh ZNC makaite hita leh haksatna, mat leh hen tuakin gam leh minam in Democracy mantak a ngah theihna dingin nakpi takin nasem uh hi. NLD leh ZNC a lutlo, minam aa dingin itna deihsakna tawh akipia khia Zomi sang naupang tampi tak zong om hi. 1990kum kitelna ah NLD in zogawp mah ta leh Galkap kumpi in thuneihna pia lo hi. Hih kikhelna tuihual thumna kizom toto in, DASSK , Pu Chin Sian Thang leh Kawlgam sunga om minam makaite mahmah in lungduai takin a din tinten na hangin atawpna ah 2015kum kitelpi tungtawn in Democracy lampi paina dingin a makai motor hawl a kilaih zo taktak ta hi phot hi.
Bang hangin Gam pawlkhatte nungtolh hetlo in kip
Tuni dong gamlian gamthupi in ih ciapteh American, Europe gamte ( kikhelna tuihual khatna ii nawkkhawkna ) in bang hangin hih zahin kip in atam zaw nungtolh hetloh uh hiam? Hih kikhelna akipat hun , ahun thupi mahmah hi. Tua hunpen pilna tuamtuam thaksuak sakkik hun ( Age of Renaissance ), na thak muh thak , sik vante tawh nasepna leh khantohna kipat hun ( Age of Revolution ) , thu muhna, pilna, leitung vantung, nate’ thu kanna hun, thuthuk theihna a kipat hun ( Age of Enlightenment ) hunte ahi hi. Hih teng om khin ahih manin ( 1) sum le pai bawlna khangto khin (2) amau khe tungah amah leh amah ading thei kipawlna, mimal tampi om khin (3) khat leh khat kikum diamdiam in, thu vaihawm khawm thei, khat leh khat kizahtakna tawh thu vaihawm, cih ngeina hoihte nei uh ahih manin kip in kho mahmah hi,ci in lai at pa in gen hi. Ahih hangin laiat pa mah in “hih dan lian bek tawh Democracy kikhelna man kingah ding hi cihna hi tuanlo hi ci kik veve hi.”
Kawlgam leh Zogam Zomite kigin ding
1) Kawlgam in atunga gam thupite neih hoihna nam(3) te lakah khat bek nei hanga, DASSK in kiniam khiat takin Galkap kumpi tawh kam kumkhawm, a ma deihna masak lo in a langnih ( mipi leh galkapte) phattuamna dingin 2008 Constitution tungtawn in nasem in eite aa dingin lametna zingni ong suaksak hi. Hih lungsim puakzia mah bangin Zomiten zong hoihtak in et teh in ciingin , gam leh minam khantohna, Zomite kisap thute ( Interest ) a masak zawk nak uh leh Zomite aa dingin zingni ong suak hak nawnlo ding hi.
2) Kikhelna tuihual nihna hun danin, Kawlgam makaite’ bulphuh ahi, gamvai, ki ukna vai ah , lampi khatbek tawh pai sawmna pen nusiat hun ta kha ding hi. Kei pawllo te ka gal hi, a thahat zaw ten a thanem te buluh mang uh hi. Hih kawlsuanzia in gam leh minam khantohna lam manawhpih lo in, leinuai ah denna hi. A ki banglo upna, sanna, theihnate sungkhawm in Kawlgam,Zogam aa dingin nasep hun ta hi.
3) Hih bangin thu leh la khinkhai theihna dingin Pilna, theihna, sinna kisam ahih manin Zomite khempeuh in pilna mah thupi sak pen in , biakna makai, kipawlna makai, minam leh gam makaite mahmah in Zomite pilna lam ah akhantohna ding , a tuntunna ah gen in, mission pi khat in nei hileh, a sawtlo in Zomite in Zogam bek ah hilo in Kawlgam, Vaigam leh leitung mun thupi khempeuh ah makai dingin Pasian in lamsang pelmawh ding hi.
Lungdam
Khup Lian Thang
Ref; Kawlgam gamvai tangthu etkik na, U Kyaw Win
Kawlgam gamvai kikhelna (2010,2011,2012), U Kyaw Win
Kawlgam gamvai leh U Ne Win, Dr Mg Mg
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