Union Ni le Panglong tangthu phawkkikna ~ Cope Suan Pau
I. Thukonghong: Union le Panglong Kizopna – Tu ni 2011 kum February 12 in Kawlgam ih cih Union of Myanmar ii 64th kumcin Union ni ahi hi. Tu laitak Zomi-te in Kawlgam minam tuamtuam-te mah bangin Union le minam vai-ah ngaihsutna tuam tuam ih neih laitak ahi hi. Tua hi a, khangthakte in Union tawh kisai hong piankhiatna tangthu theihhuaite tuni Union ni in phawkkik ding kilawm ahi hi. Union ni koi bang in hong piang khia thei hiam?
Bang hang in Zomi-te le mualtungmi dang te’n zanggammi ahi Kawlmi-te tawh kipawl dih laizang kha ih hi hiam? Bang thu teng om hiam? Hi bang dan ngaihsutna le dotna te tuhun Zomi khangthakte ading dawnna pawl khat ih nei ding hi. Tom gen le’ng Union ni pen Panglong khua pan hong piang khia cih ding ahi hi. Banghang in piang hiam cih le, mualtunggam Chin Hills, Kachin Hills le Shan State teng in Burmese Kawlmi-te tawh kipawl in Union Gam khat dinkhawm ding thukim uh ahihman ahi hi.
II. Panglong Tangthu Kipatna
1947 kum February 12 ni pen a tatak in ci le’ng Pinlon Khoppi nihveina 2nd Panglong Confernece ahi zaw hi. A masa pen 1946 kum March kha sungin Shan ukpi Sawbwa-te in zindo in Zomi [Chin], Kachin, le Karen mualtungmi sanggampih teng hong sam khin ahi hi. Tua zong pen Mualtung gam-uk FFA Frontier Areas Administration pan Stevenson te pawl in mualtungmi teng a mau khut sungah om lai ding hanciamna ahi hi. 1946 kum kipat Jan. 20 ni in Aung San in Shwedagon pagoda ah taangpi tung thugenna pan kipan Kawlgambup ah political campaign bawl ding Independence Movement nasiatak in kithawi kik laitak ahi hi.
Tua manin Kawlmi tawh kipawl nuamlo mualtungmi teng organize ding ngaihsutna tawh Pinlon khua ah 1946 March 1 ni in conference a sam ahi hi. Tua lai ah Kawlmi tawh kipawl nuam lo Kachin ukpi Duwa pawl khat le Shan ukpi Sawbwa pawl khat te tawh kikum ding a; United Hill People’s Organization khat phuan khia ding cih gelna ahi hi. Tua organization ah Kawlgam Governor pa Dorman Smith in chairman seem ding a, U Saw in Secretary seem ding cih gelna om khin ahi hi.
British-te’ ngaihsutna ah March 1 ni hi le, Aung San Rakhine [Arakan] lam campaign zin laitak ahihciang hong kihel thei lo ding cih thu ahi hi. Tua a hihman in hun nai ciang AFPFL [Anti-Fascist People’s Freedom League] party buppi sapna nei pan uh hi. Aung San in a mah kihel thei lo ding ahihman in Vice President U Nu le delegate pawl khat [U Ba Gyan te pawl] pai sak ding thu pia hi. Tua tak ciang in Governor Reginald Dorman Smith in hih thu piang sa nawn lo-in a cina vat kineih in conference ah pai nawn lo hi. Tua pen First Panglong Conference ahi hi.
Tua ban ah Aung San in Kachin le Shan minam makai-te tawh limtak kiho khin uh a, Kawlmi-te le Mualtungmi-te’n Independence laak khawm ding thukim khin ahi hi. London ah Atlee’ makaih British kumpi tawh kimuhna ah mualtungmi teng tawh Independence laakkhopding vai gen ding in kithawi khin ta ahi hi. Aung San pen 1945 kum pan AFPFL president a sepna pan 1946 kum September ni in British Burma kumpi cabinet sungah Deputy Chairman of the Governor’s Executive Council za ngah khin ahi hi.
III. Zomi-te’n Kawlmi tawh Kipawlding Teel Zaw
Japan Gal ih cih WWII hong ven’ ciangin India le Burma in Independence ngen ahihmanin suahtakna piak ding hun hong tung ta ahi hi. Tua hun lai in Khamtung Zogam teng pen Chin Hills regulation 1896 thukhun tawh indirect ki-ukna sungah om a, India gamke khat ahi British Burma gam tawh British-te’ khutnuai-ah ki om tuak ahi hi. Kawlgam teng pen British-te’n direct in uk a, mualtunggam teng pen indirectly in Frontier Areas Administration thukhun tawh Divide and Rule policy tawh hong uk uh hi.
WWII hun sung pan kipan Independence Movement tuamtuam-te hong piang a, kipawl thei teng kipawl, kikhen thei teng kikhen in independent gam/ autonomous gam tuamtuam British colonial ukna nuai pan hong piang ding kithawi hun lai tak in; Zomi-te a ding in Chin Hills pen India tawh kipawl ding maw Burma tawh kipawl zaw ding cih thu hong om ahi hi.
Nidang in Zogam Chin Hills teng pen British colonial gam sungah om hi a, tu in India le Burma ah kikhen ding hun hong tung ahi hi. Gamgi vai tawh kisai te kiangah Zomi makaai te’n “India tawh kipawl le ung, Sang [High School] n’ong pia thei ding uh hiam?” ci in dong ci hi: tua le “Ko pen gamgi vai tawh hong pai hi ung, sang vai tawh kisai lo hi.” ci in dawng kik ci hi.
Tua ciang in Zomi makai te kikum a “Vaigam tawh kipawl ding maw, Kawlgam tawh kipawl zaw ding?” cih thu kikupna nei ahi hi. “Vai mivom te tawh kipawl le’ng Vaimi pasal te’n ih numei teng hong buan sak gawp zel un ci’n ei’n lah hung zo tuan kei ni in, Kawlmi-te mah maingap zaw h’ang! Ih minam kinai pih Tibeto-Burmese kampau minam-te hi tuak h’ang” cih thu tawh Kawlmi tawh kipawl in Kawlgam sung ah Kawlkumpi’ khutnuai ah om ding a thukim Zomi-te ih hi hi. Zomi-te in an-neek tui-dawn pan kipan Kawlgam mah beel zaw ahihna kilangh ahi hi. Tua ahihman in Chin Hills pen Tio gundung zui in Kawlgam lam ah peem zaw ta ahi hi. Zomi u le nau teng zong Tio gun in sak le khang ah gi bang khen ta ahi hi.
IV. Aung San-Atlee Thukimna le Panglong Thuciam
Panglong thuciam pen Kawlgam Suahtakna makai Pro-Independence Pu Gen. Aung San’ makaihna tawh thupiang ahi hi. Aung San in nakpitak in mualtungmi teng hong zol in hong organized zo mah mah hi. Union gam khat in Independence lak ding hong genpih ciang in a kuamah peuh alungsim uh tuisuah ta ahi hi. Aung San in 1946 kum September 26 ni dong siah, bang mah authority le budget neilo pi in a mah le mah hanciamna tawh mualtungmi teng hong kaaikhawm ahi hi. Tua masiah hun sung khempeuh pen a ma’ ip sung pan om sun sun tawh ahi thei bang bang hanciam in khualzin in political campaign hong bawl bawl a hi hi.
1947 Jan 12 ni in London ah British kumpi tawh Kawlgam suahsakna vai kikum ding in tung uh hi. Minthang inn pi ahi No.10 Downing Street ah Jan 13 ni pan kipan a kikup toto pen a nunung ciang Jan. 24 ni nitak 3:00P.M. hun pawl takciang in thukimna-te hong nei thei ta uh ahi hi. Tua thukimna in “Kawlgam suahtakna ding thu British kumpi in a thu in ki thukim hi” cih thu ahi hi. Tua ni thukimna teng Jan. 26 ni in fianalized kikupna bawl ding a, Jan. 27 ni in letmat [sign] thu thei ding thukim tuak uh ahi hi.
Tua bang in 1947 Jan. 27 ni nitaklam 3:50P.M. hun in tangthu kiciamteh historic Aung San-Atlee Agreement thukimna letmat ki thu khin ta ahi hi.[Tua lai-ah U Saw le Thakhin Ba Sein in letmat thu nuam lo uh a, a hi zongh in na lung a kim kei uh le zongh lungkim lo cih thu tawh letmat thu un, a kicih ciang in ‘lungkim lo’ cih Note of Dissent tawh sign thu pan uh hi. Kawlgam tun khit ciang, Thakhin Than Tun le Thakhin Soe in tua thukimna langpan uh hi].
Tua tung tang in Churchill- te Conservative Party pawl in Labour Party-te tung ah pressure pia in Mualtuangmi-te vai tawh kisai thukimna khat kal uh hi. Tua in: Aung San-Atlee Thuciam 8 na Mualtung-gam Frontier Areas tawh kisai “Mualtungmi te tawh Union khat in kipawl ding thukimna khat Panglong Conference ah om hamtang ding” cih thu kalna khat om sak se hi.
Aung San te pawl London a pai kal in Mualtungmi teng Ukna FFA Frontier Areas Administration pan in mualtungmi teng Kawlte tawh kipawl lohna ding hanciamna tampi om ahi hi. Tua manin Kachin ukpi-te le Shan ukpi-te kimkhat bang ut nawn lo-in, Karen le Kaya[Karenni] zongh Kawlte tawh kipawl a suahtakna laak khawm ding le Union in kipawl ding lungkia ta ahi uh hi.
Zomi-te a ding bel Kawlgam beel lo-in ei le ei dinzawhna thu om kisa lo ahi hi. Pilna thupitna mu thei ta ih hihman in laisinna high school sang deih pen ih hi bekhi. Tua manin Aung San tawh kimuh phet in Zomi tangmi-te thudot masak pen in “High School n’ong pia ding hiam?” cih thu ahi hi. Aung San in a ma’ thu tawh “Pia ding!” ci pah lel hi. Lawmte’ ‘autonomy’ gen gen khawng a thei ban lo te ih hi hi.
V. Panglong Conference, Mualtungmi-te le 1947 Constitution
Panglong Conference ah Mualtungmi-te’ tawh thukim loh phatmawhna thu in Aung San-Atlee Thukimna Paragraph 3 na thuciam nambat 8 Frontier Areas taang (b) na hang ahi hi. British kumpi in mualtungmi le Kawlmi thukimna bawl ding Panglong Conference ni ding in 1947 Feb. 12 ni ciangtan khin sa ahi hi. A mau’ ngaihsutna ah Kawlmi te tawh kipawl a Independence laak ding le Union gam khat a din’ ding pen mualtungmi teng in thukim lo ding uh cih thu ahi hi.
London pan in Aung San le a pawlte Feb. 2 ni in Kawlgam hong tung kik uh hi. Tawlngah ding hun om nawn lo ahihman in khual zin suak pah a Feb. 8 ni in Panglong vatung to hi. Kachin ukpi Duwa pawl khat le Shan Sawbwa te pawl khat in thukimna letmat [sign] thu ding/loding khensat thei lo uh a, Feb. 11 ni dong mah historic Panglong Agreement vai pen ketel siang thei nailo ahi hi. [Aung San zong a lung duai zo nawn lo ta hih tuak hi]
Tua tak ciang in nitak lam ah: Kachin taangmi “Sama Duwa Sin Wa Nawng, Duwa Zau Rip, Shan gam taangmi ahi khanglam ukpi Sawbwa Sau Khun Pan Seng, Mongpawn Sawbwa Sau Sam Htun, Nyaung Shwe Sawbwa Sau Shwe Thaike, Zomi taangmi Pu Vum Ko Hau; Shan minautang taangmi U Tin Aye le U Htun Myint te teng in mualtungmi- te organize kik in nitak lam meeting khat bawl in kikumpha uh a, Aung San in Union of Burma min tawh suahtakna laak ding akisapna thu limtak gen phasak kik uh hi. Suahtakna ngahna ding lampi khat bek om a tua in kipawl khawm a Union gam khat dinkhopna bekmah ahihlam deihtak in gen hi.
Tua ciang in a zingciang a kibawl ding formal conference ah thukimna letmat thu ding a kisapna uh tel in siangtak in khentat thei ciat pan uh ahi hi. [Tua lai ah thukimna om kei le, British te’n mualtungmi teng suahtakna hong pia lo ding a, FAA ukna nuai ah Governor khat le U Saw in uksak nuam a hi hi. Kawl mang’ khutnuai mah ah ki om ve ve ding cihnopna hi].
VI. Thukhupna: Union ni Hong Piang Khia Ta
1947 Feb 12 ni zingsang nai 10:00A.M. hun in khoppi bawlna buukpi sung ah sabuai pi kiim ah tu in, Aung San in a masa pen in tangzang tak ding to a, a zat ngei tawntung Parker Vacumatic fountain lui gipgiap pen tawh Panglong Agreement laidal pi tungah Kawlmi le Zanggam bup taang in sign thu masa a, a banban in mualtungmi-te ahi Zomi, Kachinmi, Shanmi teng in letmat thuciat na tawh historic Panglong Agreement hong piang khia ahi hi. Tua ni [12, 02, 1947] in signatories teng a nuai a bang in taangmi 22 te ahi hi:
For the Shan Committee:
- Sawbwas: Tawnpeng, Yawnghwei, North Hsenwi, Laika, Mong Pawn, Hsamonghkam and representative of Pawnglawng.
- Shan people: Tin E, Kya Bu, Sao Yapa Hpa, Htun Myint, Hkun Saw, Hkun Htee
For the Kachin Committee:
- Myitkyina: Sinwa Nawng, Zau Rip, Dinra Tang
- Bhamo: Zau La, Zau Lawn, Labang Grong
For the Chin Committee:
- U Hlur Hmung, U Thawng Za Khup, U Kio Mang
For the Burmese Government:
- Aung San
Hibang in Mualtung-Zanggam kipawlna Union Ni hong piang khia ahi hi. Cope Suan Pau
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