Written on 26 September 2010
Thuguui Khatna
Lungsim Puakzia
Sahkhualumlehna Bulpite
Mulkimna, laainatpihna leh hehpihna neukha-beek aki-mulo, keiivom mittangte bang-in giitlohna leh hiamgamhna-tawh atee keuhkeuh akhauh mahmah mittang kopkhat-in sanggam-meelmak (khuaziing dektak) laaitak-in amial philhphelh khuamui sungpan hong sal gega-hi. Ama’ khut-ah sisan-tawh akidim temtawng lian mahmah-khat khauhtak-in tawicip bikbek-a, naakletkiplua ahihman-in abaante’ tung-ah sahual leh thaguite akilangh hit-het zahdong-in khauh-in, abaan leh akhutte kisat keuhkeuh-hi. Keimah hongthat peelmawhding ahihlam ka-telcian mahmahhi, banghanghiam cihleh tua alauhuaipa-in azii leh atanu cikziat-huai tak-in athah hunpan-in hiamgamhtak-in misi luangte tupman-in, khuisa-a adintoh ciangdong ciantak-in ka-muhman ahihi. Anasep zo-in adintohlian hun-in kei hongmu-a, ahehna vangikpi abei bang-a khuisa-hiat kimlaai thakhatthu-in hehna leh thahnopna lungsim-in amah tuamcip-kiik ahihman-in keima’ lam-ah amasuan hongngat ta-hi. Launa, dahna leh patauhna-in thakhatthu-in hong hencip ahihman-in ka-khut ka-khete-ah sisan kivial nawnlo bang-in taang theilo-in ka-dingkip gega-hi.
Hiamgamhna guhpi leh mulkimlohna adim mittangte, sisan tawklialua thamlo-in sisan ataak-khiat keuhkeuhna temtawngpi, leh cikziat-huai tak-a aki-tumtansa luang tumtawngte; hihteng ka-muhna hang-in diipkuatna-in akhonkheng ahihman-in ka-pumpi sung-ah dahna, launa leh patauhna longal nadang bangmah a-omlo bang-in ka-veii-hi. Khutte leh khete-a kipan pumpi-hiang khatbeek aneilo-tawh ka-kisuunhi. Sisan neilo, thatang neilo, thuneihna neilo-in dahna, launa leh patauhna bektawh akilam pumpi ka-hih laaitak-in tua veiina thumte dotna thum hongsuak-hi. 1. Tualthatpa’ hong bawlna bangbang dawh dingmaw? 2. Taai loh-inzong si veveding, suahtaak na-khat a-om khaakleh ci-in taai dingmaw? Taai nading omlo, sihlehsih ci-in maaingat vet-in do dingmaw? Hih dotna thumte-in ka-pumpi, ka-kha, ka-lungsim khempeuh nengcip gawicip leuleu-a, dawnna-meel dingzong omlo-in khensatlah-in kigawi-hi. Ka-dinmun naakpi-in haksa-in kigaakcip mahmah-a, sihlehhin kaal cihding sang-in sihding thei-khol gige, cina-a siding hilo, hiamgamhtak-a liamma-tawh sihding cihthu kicianzaw dinmun ahihman-in dotna thumte’ lak-ah akoipen bang-in gamta-leng hoihpending cih ka-thei hetkei-hi.
Dahna lianpi leh patauhna lianpite’ nencipna mialpi sung-ah cihnadingmeel theilo-a a-awkcip keima’ mun-ah nangmah a-om bang-in kibulh inla, tua mun-a a-om taktak bang-in veiisin lecin: dahna leh patauhna-in nangmah hong diipkua sakding-a, mulkimna leh cikziatna-tawh na-khuasikmul hongtho hut-hut dinghi. Tuabang veiina na-ngahleh mihing hihna veiizilna (sensitivity of human being) akici lungngaihna, muhna leh zaakna khatpeuhpeuh pan-in lungdamhuai, dahhuai, nuamhuai, hehhuai, diipkuat-huai cihte-tawh kituak-a veii-thei, saangthei, khingkhai-thei cihna ahihman-in acidam mihing lungsim ngeina anei-khat na-hihi. Alangkhat-ah, dahna, launa leh patauhna buaina khatpeuh atuak, athuak mi-khat’ mun-ah kibulh theilo ahihkeileh nopna, kipaakna sung-a a-om mi-khat’ mun-ah akibulh theilo mi-in veiizilna aneilo-mi ahihman-in mite’ phattuam nading nasep silbawlna nei-ngeilo thamlo-in ama’ aituam ading nangawn piicing tak-in kivaanzo ngeilo uhhi. Veiizilna aneilo mite-in “tuabang piangthei kenteh, tuaci mahmah kenteh, tuabang om ngeikei, kei hikeng,” cihte-a kipan ama’ theihloh, zaakloh leh muhloh peuhpeuh a-omlo ding-in seh-uh ahihman-in hih thuguui suutna-in veiizilna aneilo mite phattuamna tampi pialo dinghi. Taangpi veiizilna (common sense) anei-in na-kiseh naakleh hih thuguui-in phattuamna hongpia hamtang dinghi.
Mi-taangpi’ sang-a saan zawkna, tuamdeuhna, liatdiakna aneilo, taangpi mi-tawh akibanglel mi-khat’ dinmun-tawh atung-a sihlehhin kaal-a dotna thumte I-ngaihsut ciang-in: hong kibawl bangbang dawhding; lampi zong-a taaiding; leh sihveve doding – hihte’ sungpan khat-peuhmah teelloh aphamawh ahihman-in naakpi-in haksa-in khensat-hak mahmahhi. Tua tualthatpa’ masuan masa-pen tulaaitak-in “kei-hong thahding” bekmah ahihi, banghanghiam cihleh ama’ hehna tungtawn-in azii leh atanu nangawn “maan” kisa-a athat khinzo hi-in, azii ata’ tung-a mulkimlo mi-in ama’ hiamgamhna leh tatsiatna midangte’ kiang-ah apuaksawn theiciangbek bangmahlo keibanglel hong thahding neukha-beekzong mulkim loding ciantak-in kithei-hi, banghanghiam cihleh tua thupiang khempeuh aneng atawng-in amu-leh athei “keimah” bekbek om kahihman-in kei hongthat ziauleh thunua siang ding-in upna-kiptak tualthatpa-in nei-hi.
Thuthuukpi lungngai lo-in, leh “keima” mun-ah kibulh-a veiina neilopi-in dotnate dawng lecin na-oldawn mahmah khadinghi. Ahizong-in tua kibulhsiamna maan-tawh dawnding-in sehlehang; Dotna khatna – hong bawlna bangbang dawhding cilehang mihing maantak khat’ ngaihsut ding-in ahimahhiam ahilodeuhhiam cihthu saaikaak hong kisam dinghi, banghanghiam cihleh “cihnading theihloh man-a dawh ahihkeileh zawh ngaaploh man-a dawh” cihpen mi-khat athatang, atun adin, atawi gaalhiamte en-a ngaap-leh zawhthawh, ngaap-keileh dawh cihtawh kilamdanglo ahihman-in leitung thuthuuk lungngaihna huampi tawmveisung abuaisak Charles Darwin’ thuluan sung-a “a-neemte bei, ahaatte thaam” thuluan-paizia ahihi. Khazihmi akici pawlkhat-in hih dotna hihbang-in dawng uhhi, “Na-paang langkhat hongki-betleh alang khatlam-zong dawh-in” ci ahihman-in dawhding mahhi, ci-uhhi. Dawh lehang olno tak-in hong thatziau ding-a, olno tak-in I-sisuk dinghi. Tua-in bang phattuamna hongpia-hiam? Phattuamna nengcik khatbeek hongpia lo-hi. “Sihsia taktak-ei” hong kici zawsop leldinghi. Tuabang-in kimanna neilo, phattuamna omlo-a sihna-pen “guulsih tangsih-in si” kici lel-hi. Atung-a Khazihmi akicite’ malmat Kammal; “Na-paang langlam hongki-betleh alang khatlam-zong dawh-in” ci-a asawl Pasian ahihman-in thupi-hi. Kammal thuuk mahmah-hi. Tua thuthuukpi azuui masa Nungzuuite ahihkeileh Sawltaakte-in tua Kammal bangci-zuih uhhiam cihleh akisap hunlopi “hunta-ei” acihtheih mateng mite’ bawlna bangbang “dawh” peuhmah lo-in asuahtaak nading lampi naakpi-in zong uhhi. “Hunta” cih atheih-uh ciang-in launa kilanghlo tak-in sihna “dawh” uh-a, tua sihna-in manpha-in vaanglian ahihman-in tuni ciangdong nungta uhhi.
Tuabang-in phattuamna anei sihna, vaanglian a-om sihna-tawh asi mite “guulsih tangsih-in si” kici-lo sese ahihman-in atung-a keima’ maai-ah thatding amansa-a hongngaak, tua laai-ah ka-omlam amahbek-in thei, amah a-omlam keibek-in thei, hongthah man-in bang phattuamna omdinghiam? Ngaihsutna piicing-tawh ngaihsun lehang tua laai-ah guulsih tangsih-a si ding-in Piangsakpa-in phal peuhmah dinghiam? Khial-hi! Pasian-in ama’ mite tuabang kimanna neilopi-in sisak-nuam hileh ama’ nunna pia-in hong honkhia loding ahihlam lungngaihding ahihi. “Dawhding” cih saanna I-neihleh saaikaakding thu-ah, azenzen-in tua tualthatpa kei’ sang-a thahaatlo-zaw, gaalhiam khatzong atawilo hileh dawhding I-ci dinghiam? Om phiuphiau-in hongneh phetleh asugiap ding-in amansa-in I-om dinghi. Tua ahihman-in Khazihmite hi-in Khazihnial mite hitaleh mihing himhim-in “dawhding” leh “doding” pen thuthuukpi lungngaihna-tawh khensatna’ sang-in mitmuh-tawh golna, liatna, neuna, neihsa lamsa leh gaalhiamte’ tungtawn-in ki-khensat tawntung ahihman-in thu-in thubang-in apaiding sang-in dialpi nunglam muhloh-a thukhenna naakpi-in kizangh cihna ahihi. Hih dotna-pen thubang-in apaiding hileh tualthatpa’ hong thahding “dawh” theihnading thu-mahmah omlo-hi. Ngaaplohman, kihtaakman-a “Pasian’ deihna hi-e” cihte tuhun-a ding-in azumhuai ahipahkei zong-in akilawmlo pauhlapzonna ahihi. Tua ahihman-in I-ngaap mahmah mi khat-in thumaanlo leh simmawhna te-tawh nuaisiahding hong kipan vialzenleh I-zawhna lakgiap-in gawicip giapgiap hi-kimlaai I-ngaap hetloh leh I-zawh hetloh mi khat-in hong nuaisiah ciang-in “Pasian’ deihna-hi” I-cihpen Pasian’ thu-tawh akituakloh mahbang-in leitung sahkhuasiamzil zongtawh kilehngat-hi, banghanghiam cihleh “thahaatte’ bawlna bangbang thaneemte-in athuakding thumaan” ci-a saanna-pen Darwin-in, “Sahaangte-in sakhite ne-a, muvaanlaaite-in vasa neute leh guulte aneek thumaan ahihi” cihthu leitung pianzil (nature of the world) thuluan-pen mihingte’ tung-ah akizatding thumaan-a asehna lampi zuui ahihman-in, “Greek-tuam, Jew-tuam, Gentile-tuam omlo” cih Pasian’ kammal-tawh akilehbulh hi-a, “Dawhding” pen ciangtan (limit) I-neisak uhhi.
Hih dawnna-a ciangtanna (limitation in answer/response)-pen leitung-a akhangkhin gamliante-ah ataangpi-in kizangh nawnlo-hi, banghanghiam cihleh namdeiina (racisim) bulpi ahihman-in mihing khempeuh tankimna (equality)-tawh aki-lehngatman ahihi. Midang zawhding-a I-ngaapte ahihkeileh zawhding theihsa mite dogiapna; kilemna-hiam, mawhna-hiam, dikna-hiam bangmah suut manlo, genmanlo, khingkhaai manlo liang in hihbang dinmunte-ah ami I-ngaap man-in ‘doding’ ci-a khensatna-pen Asia gamkuam leh Africa gamlaai te-ah naakpi-in kizuui mahmah-hi, banghanghiam cihleh tuabang gamte-ah sahkhua kicipna, kisiatna leh sumgolh piakna/neekna-a kipan akhangkhin gamte-ah naakpi-a akido sahkhua siasakthei thuguite dimtak-in a-omman ahihi.
Tua ahihman-in gam-khat ahihkeileh minam khat sung-ah ‘dawnna ciangtanna’ akizat laaiteng tua gam ahihkeileh minam sung-ah piicinna, minam cidamna akisim theinaailo ahihi. Minam cidamna’ ading akisam laaisinna saanginn, taksadamna lamsang zatui leh zato-te, setlambihna (industrialism); set-tuamtuam zangh-a sumsin nasepna, mihing’ nunna thupiitsakna-a kipan sahkhua khantohna namcinte minam cidamna zatui masate vive hi-a, tuabang zatui kizatna munte (adiak-in akhangkhin gamlian ataangpi)-ah ‘dawnna ciangtanna’ a-omlosiang ahihloh hang-in tawm mahmahhi. Ulian khatpeuh’ kampau-pen akhum theipending, azol aneem theipending kammalte-tawh aki-dawnna munte-ah ama’ sang-a zawngkhaalzaw, cimawhzaw, niamzaw bang-a aseh mi-khat’ hopihna-pen a-uut-uut-a dawng, eengdawn, eldawn cihte-a kipan neubawlna-tawh kipawl hopihziate omthei tawntung-a tua-pen atung-a aki-gensa ‘ciangtannei dawnna’ ahihman-in akhanglaai (developing) gamte-ah naakpi-in ki-taangzat mahmah-hi. Ciangtannei dawnna akizat man-in gamte akhangto theilo-hiam ahihkeileh gamte akhantohloh man-in ciangtannei dawnna akizangh ahi-hiam cihciang-in hihte-pen atuamtuak-a a-omthei-nam hilo-in aluangkhawm (collaborated), aki-hualkhawm, atonkhawm tawntung phimleh-khaubang ahihi. Tualsung sahkhua akhantoh lohna tualphung peuhpeuh-ah ciangtannei dawnna kimu, kiza, kizangh ding-a, tuabang ciangtannei dawnna akizatna mun peuhpeuh-a tualsung mite akhangto naailo cihna ahihi.
Hih thupaipi-tawh nangma’ ngaihsutna (na maai-ah temtawngpi-tawh nang hong thahding na-telcian mipa’ kalsuanna bangci dawnding) cihthu-in nangma’ sahkhua nunna tanzil (level of social life) ateh ahihkeileh aciangtan ahihi. Lpd; mipa na-ngaaploh man-in “apiang bangbang Pasian’ deihna” cih ahizong-in, “sih veveding dawh hiit-hiat lelning” cih ahizong-in, “sih veveding thumaan theisak hamtang-ning” cih ahizong-in, “sih matan do-ning” cih ahizong-in, “sihleh sih, thanleh than, doding” cih ahizong-in hihte-in nangma’ sahkhua nunna tanzil ciantak-in pulaak-hi.
Dotna nihna-pen dotna khatna akaantan lungsimpuak anei nunkhua tanzil ahihi. Amasapen-ah ‘dawh loding’ cihna hi-a, dawhloh maimai-tawh ki-nungta loding ahihman-in “taai-ding” cihthu ahihi. “Taaiding” cita lecin, taai nading lampi koiteng-ah om, taai-pong ding-in bawhna belhna neilo-in khe-thawlna peuh-ah taaitaai lelding-maw? Na taaileh hongdelh ding-cih na-teltheih ahihman-in azenzen-in taaiding, luutna belhna khatbeek omkeileh na-gim na-tawl ciang-in hongpha veve ding-a nunna bit-thei tuanlo-hi. Tuabang-in suahtaakna ding-in taaiding-a khensatna ahoih ahihsaam hang-in taai-pongmawk-tawh suahtaakna taktak a-omlohlam phawkna thupi mahmah-hi. Tua ahihman-in taai nading avang, lampi koiteng-ah om, koiteng tawn lecin mipi (mipi’ lak na-luut zawhleh mipite’ lak-ah temtawng-tawh hongdelh mipa-in hong delhzom ngamlo tuamding)-tawh kituak baihpen theiding, ahihkeileh mitampi’ omna innsung-hiam upaphual khatpeuh-hiam ahihkeileh palikphual koici tunbaih theiding cihte-in nunna’ bitna ding-in lampite hi-a, hihte khatpeuh lo-in taai-pongmawkna-in suahtaakna hongpia theilo dinghi. Hihte khatbeek omlo-in, tuabang suahtaak theihna lampi khatbeek a-om keileh dotna thumna; “sihleh sih, thanleh than” ci-a khensatding ahihi.
‘Sihleh sih, thanleh than’ lungsim puakzia-tawh doding-in khensatna nei-in phuul pheigawp, pumluut pheigawp lecin temtawng-tawh hongban ziauleh kidona tomcik sung-in lelhna-in hongmuak pahding-hi. Tua ahihman-in tua tualthatpa’ temtawng mitsuan gige-in, nangma’ dinna leitang kip-hiam kiplo-hiam cih hoihtak-a zawt masak kuul-a, tuamahbang-in temtawng hongpai ciang-in koici kihepding, pumpi kihep kawm-in temtawipa’ natna koiteng khoih theiding cihte athupipen-in sehna leh kiginna-in zawhna hongpia thei-hi. Tualo-in, temtawng hongpaina pan-in pumpi kiheem-thei kha-phial mahleh temtawipa’ pumpi anasak theiding, atha-kiam saktheiding bangmah na-bawl keileh khatvei, nihvei-ciangciang na-kiheem theikha zong-in athum veina, aliiveina-ah hong vaatkha teeiteei ding-a, temtawipa’ bawlbangbang dawhna-tawh kidang lua-lawmlawm khollo dinghi. Tua ahihman-in doding na-cih phet-in gaalpa’ gaalhiam koipan hongpai thei-a, tua gaalhiam-tawh bangci kipelh theiding, tua hunsung mah-in gaalpa’ natna koici-khoih, koici-luh theiding cihte-a kipan thuluan tungtawn-a paizia omte theihna leh zatna lo-in pawngdo maimai, pumdo mawkmawkna-tawh gualzawhna ki-ngah theilo dinghi. Doding-a na-kipatzia, kiguangkhuakzia leh kiginkholhna khempeuh-in nangma’ sahkhua nunna tanzil kilangh sak-hi.
Hihte thupaizia khempeuh-pen sahkhualumlehna bulpite ahihi. Leitung gam tuamtuamte-a apiang khinsa, apiang laaitak, leh apiang laaiding sahkhualumlehna namcin khempeuh ataangpi-in tualphungte leh tualleenphung-a kipan minam leh kumpigamte phatlammanawh sahkhua khantohna lawhkim uhhi. Minam leh tualleenphung asiasak taktak sahkhualumlehna-pen tawm mahmah-in kivaang mahmah-a, tuate bangtawh kiteh-hiam cihleh gaalhiamte lehzatna pan-in piang tawntung-hi. Lpd; gaalpa dona ding-a akibawl gaalhiamte-tawh gaalpa do lo-in ama’ pumpi akido man-in gualzawhna ki-ngah ngeilo-hi. Temtawng tawipa na-do nading-a na-neihsun na-khuttum mahmah-tawh nangma’ lutang tuumtuum-in beengbeeng mawk lecin temtawipa’ vaat lohsa-in lung-am-in na-tuuk khalaai dinghi.
Sahkhualumlehna azungleh ahiang tampi om-a, ataangpi ahihkeileh azung lianpenpen-in ki-ukna lumlehna ahihi. Gam-ukte’ paizia siapi-pen phatlammanawh khantohna’ ading lunggulhna-tawh sahkhualumlehna akibawl ciang-in thauvuui thautang leh sisan-tawh ataangpi kibawl-hi. Kumpi thuneite asiatna aliatna leh aneuna zuui-in sisan luang-in nunna atawm atam bei-hi. Tua-pen ahiamgamh (violent) sahkhualumlehna’ kalsuanna hi-a, Akigawmkhawm Namcin Pawlpi (United Nation Organization)-in tawsawnlo uhhi, banghanghiam cihleh nunna paammaih kisa-hi.
Akhanglaai gamzawngte-ah hih ahiamgamh sahkhualumlehna bekmah sahkhualumlehna-in kiseh-a, tualsung sahkhualumlehna tuamtuamte kitheibaan khalo-hi. Tualsung sahkhualumlehna-pen ataangpi-in tualsung-a ateengkhawm mite’ lungsim puakzia leh leitung khanghun-tawh atonkhawm theilo uplehsaanna, heekzia-tatzia leh nisim nuntaakzia khempeuh khuapimi-lungpuak lam-ah kheelna ahihkeileh leitung’ khanzia-tawh tualsung mite atonkhop theihna ding-a kaihtaalna, lumlehna ahihi. Tualsung mite-in khuapimi-lungpuak aneih theihna ding-in tuhun-a akhangkhin gamliante-in tuma kum za-vaal pekpan-in sahkhualumlehna naakpi-in nei-khin uh-a, alawhcin man-in ‘akhangkhin’ –in kiciamteh-in gamzawngkhaalte’ belhnop-huai ngaungau zahdong-in agam-uh nopci thei-hi.
Tuhun-in sahkhua tualniam mahmahna mun-ah akhuasa Zomite-in tuabang-a sahkhua tualbaan ahihkeileh tualkheng gamliante-a mipite’ khuapimi-lungpuak, neekleh dawnte, silhlehteente leh cidamna lamsang zato, zatui zaha, siamsinna-a kipan adeihhuai tuamtuamte mu-in I-thei uh-a, ahizong-in ‘hihbang dinmun atunna-uh aziak’ ngaihsut-in neikha nawnlo-in, ‘haanciam pakzalna-tawh apiang’ theiding bang-in kisehkha ahihman-in minam it-a akinei laaigelh-thei sunsun pawlkhatte (adiak-in internet sung-a laaigelh haatte) –in “Minam ki-pumkhat nading hih—hi, minam khantoh nading hih—hi,” ci-in etna tomno-tawh gelhsuk giapgiap uhhi. Pahtaak-huai mahmah uhhi, banghanghiam cihleh theihna’ sang-in deihsakna lianzaw-te ahi-uhhi.
Tualsung khuasakna taangpi sung-a mite’ lungsim puakzia; mite’ uplehsaanna atoii leh azaii, mite’ gamtatluheek azual leh alè (tame & wild), mite’ thukhualna athuuk leh adaii, hihte khempeuh bangcibang-in phatlammanawh khantohna lam-ah kaaitaal theiding, bangcibang-in lumlet theiding ci-a alampi zonna, zonna pan-in muhna, muhna pan-in sehna, sehna pan-in kipsakna ahihkeileh thukhenna, tua kipsakna ahihkeileh thukhenna tungtawn-a sepsuahna, sepsuahna’ tung-ah bangciang lawhcing, bangciang lawhsam, aphattna bangcia, asiatna bangcia, asiatna bangcibang-in khiam theiding cihte-tawh tualsung lungsim puakzia lumlehna akibawl tohtoh ciang-in tua mite-in damdam-in khuapimi-lungpuak hong neithei ahihkeileh khuapimi-lungpuak-tawh damdam-in hong-kinaai tektek-a, hihpen sahkhualumlehna maantak ahihi. Sahkhualumlehna maantak cihna-in sahkhualumlehna akhial om cihna ahihi, banghanghiam cihleh hihbang khuapimi-lungpuak a-omlohna tualphung ahihkeileh minam sung-ah azenzen-in thauvuui thautang tawina-tawh kipan-in ukna thuneihna ngah phialmah lehzong tua tualsung ahihkeileh minam sung-ah buaina nasiatak-in kizomto tawntung ahihman-in lungsim puakzia lam-ah sahkhualumlehna a-om loh-in thuneihna-in phatlammanawh sahkhua khantohna lawh zolo-hi.
Thuneihna leh Thahaatna (Authority and Power)
Thuneihna leh thahaatna-in hihbang hunciang-in naakpi-in panna nei-hi, banghanghiam cihleh sahkhualumlehna’ ading-in thunei ahihkeileh athahaatzaw mipawl a-om keileh aphuultuam, anawttuam, atawsawntuam omlo-in taangpi’ lungsim puakzia ki-mawk kheel theilo-hi. Sahkhualumlehna omlo-in tualsung kikheelna a-om theihloh mahbang-in aki-kheelsak zoding thuneihna leh thahaatna anei mipawl a-om loh-in sahkhualumlehna piang ngeingei lo-hi. Sahkhualumlehna-pen ataangpi-in athahaat mipawl adiak-in sumsinna leh siamsinna bulpiteng aleencip mipawl om-a, tua letcipna adeihlo (nenniamna leh namdeiina thuak akisa) mipawlte-in tualsung kivaanna/kiukna thupaizia nialna leh nolhna (khatveivei hiamgamh langpanna, tualgaal-a kipan ki-ukna paizia amaan lunggulh-a kitomna) aneih man-in tualsung ki-ukna ki-laih, ahoihzaw leh taangpi’ ading-a tankimna-tawh akinaai thupaizia lam-ah hong kikheel, hong kilaih takciang-in sahkhualumlehna alawhcing ahihi. Tua-tawh kisai tulaai-a akhangkhin gamlian akici gammite-in kumzakop 18 pan-in Bourgeoisie leh Proletarian (mihau/naseppute leh naseemte’ kaalthu) naakpi-in siamsinna leh kansuutna, kansuutna tungtawn-a aziak (findings or facts) hoihte pulaakna, akipulaak ziakte sepsinna (practice) aneih-theih man-uh’n tualsung tualpua sumsinna leh siamsinna (economic and education) lamsang ahoih lam-a kikheelna lianpi hongpiang thei-a, tuabang sahkhualumlehna lawhcinnate’ hang-in tuhun-in, “akhangkhin gam” – sumsinna leh siamsinna lam-ah madawkte ci-a ciaptehna ngah-uhhi.
Tualleenphung khat’ sung-a ateeng ataangpi mi-khempeuhte’ khuasakzia, nuntaakzia leh upzia saanzia khempeuh Karl Marx (1818-1883)’ muhna-ah;
- NGEINA (CULTURE)
- KIUKNA(POLITICS)
- SUMSINNA (ECONOMIC)
Hihbang-in sumsinna paipi’ tung-ah tualleenphung kilam ahihman-in sumsinna paizia amaanlohna gam ahihkeileh tualphungte-ah gam-ukzia leh ki-ukvaaihawmna, leh ngeina (tawndaan) khempeuhte hoih ngeilo-in saanmawh (unacceptable) suak tawntung-hi. Marx –in ‘ngeina’ acih sung-ah biakna koihhi. Biakna-pen ataangpi-in uplehsaanna kibang ahihkeileh akinaaiteng kigawmtuah-a ngeina-khat phuhkhiatna ahihi.
Kawlgam adiak-in Zomite’ lak-ah sumsinna ataangpi-in encian lehang atung-a hongki-pulaaksa naseppute leh naseemte’ kaal-a paizia kheelna ding-in mattheih leh kawktheih a-omlo zahdong-in sumsinna bulpite Zogam-ah tawm mahmah-hi.
(Hihzah cipak photni)
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