Gam haute a hauh semsemna uh ~ Pau Sian Lian

Gam haute a hauh semsemna uh ~ Pau Sian Lian

Khantohna tawh kisai muhna tuamtuam ah sum le pai hauhna tawh khantohna (development as economic growth) thu i sung leuleu ding hi. Gam khat khantoh nadingin sum le pai ngiat hauh photphot ding cih muhna pen leitung galpi (II) na khitteh hong lang phadiak hi. Gammi khat ciat’ nisim sumlut mah hong tam limlim leh tangpi nuntakna hong sangin kikhangto ding, cihna hi. Tangpi’ sumlut tam leh hong zatkhiatna lam kingam zawpah ding a, vanlenate zong tam pipi kibawl zo pahin, gambup sumlut GDP, minam bup sumlut GNPte zong kilang takin hong khang pah ziahziah ding hi.

Leitung bupah a zawngpen diak gamte’n (least develop countries) khantohna ding geelna a neih uh teh, tuhun leitung huihnunzia tawh a kituak pen van leh na tampi lah kibawl zo, a kilei zo sak diak set tawh nasepna (industrialization) ultun’ sak semsem ding tum uh hi. Banghang hiam cihleh set tawh nasepna ah setkhuak tawhnasepna (technology) kilim hel mahmahin, tuate’n sum leh pai hauhnate tehna ah mazang sak mahmah hi. Tua ahih manin van le nate khot semsem nop leh setvan hoih nono tampipi hong kisam pah hi. Laitheihna piciang (literacy level), van le na leina nam tampite (consumption patterns) le nasep neihna piciang (employment level)te’n gam khat peuhpeuh i sum le pai hauhna tawh khantohna hong lakkhia thei hi.
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Hih khantohna muhna-ah leitung bup aom gamte khenpi (3) phasak uh hi. Khen khatna ah khangto sagam (developed), khen nihna ah a khangto laitak gam (developing) le khen thumna-ah a khangto nai lo gamte (underdevelopment) ahi hi. A khangto san (laitak) gam le a khangto nai lo gamte-ah zawnna pen dil-in, uangin, nasia pha diak hi. Nasep neihlohna piciang zong sang mahmah-in, mihau le mizawngte’ neihsa lamsa zong van le lei-in kikhai hi. Tua ahih manin van le nate zong tampi bawl zolo-in, sumlut lah tawm, nuntak khuasakna lah niam mahmah hi. A diakdiak-in, van le nate a kibawl zawhlohna, thoh zawhlohna a hang lianpi khat-in mimal khanna (rapid population growth) kinawh lua ahih hang zong hi.

Gam khangto sate leuleu vang neipah uhleh kilawm phialmawk uh-in, khantoh dan zang mahmah uh hi. Setvan bawlna pilna nei-in, sumlom kep hat uh a, sumbul nei uh ahih man-un a zat setvante zong khauhpai mahmah, nasia mahmah hi. Hih gamte-in sumzian bulphuh vanlei vanzuakna (market capitalist economy) system zang uhin, kumpi thukhunte (law) in mipite’n aituam neihtheihna khuan (private ownership) limtakin tawsawn hi. Kihenna omlo sumzuak sumleina (free market), kihong takin kidem ziahziahna, a meet tam ngah theihtheih nadingin van bawlna, zuaknate hangin van leite’n zong lungkimna ngah phadiak uh hi.

Khantohna lam a geel mipilte’n leitung gamte a ciangciangin khentheih nadingin zia thak khat hong bawl uh hi. Gambup huam sum le pai khantohnate en-in, nam (3) suahin khen uh hi. (1) Sumlut tam (high income), (2) Sumlut laihawl (middle income), (3) Sumlut tawm (low income) gamte cih bangin khen thum suah uh hi. Leitung bupah gam 191 omin, gam khat ciat in, a tuamdang phadiak tangthu, a lamdang diak nuntak khuasakzia tek nei uh hi.

Sumlut tam gamte sungah set tawh nasem phadiak gamte kihel hi. Hih gamte pen setvan tawh kilumletna tuihualpi (industrial revolution) ah limtak a peek man gamte ahi uh hi. Hih gamte-in leitung maitang i 25% ah teeng uhin, leitung bup mipi’ 15% pha uh hi. A bupun vanzuak vanleina ultungsak gamte (market driven) ahih manun, sum bawlpih zawl neitek uh hi. Hih khen khatna sungah gam 40 bang kihel-in leitung bup sumlut (world’s income) khempeuh i lang (½) amau khut sungah om hi.

Sumlut laihawl gamte ah set tawh nasepna pen om liplip nap’in tam meel nailo hi. Gam 90 bang hih khen nihna ah kihel hi. Gam 45 (or a lang) te’n lokho nasep mah tawh kinamtak lai uh hi. Hih khen nihna in leisung piang huih namsia (gas), meitui (oil) a pian phat diakna leitung’ nisuahna laizang lam (Middle East) a om gamte, Latin America gamte, Africa leitangpi’ nitumna lam a om gamte huam hi. Sumlut laihawl gamte’n leitung maitang i 40% ah teengin, leitung bup mi phazah vekpi’ seh thum suah sehkhat (1/3) pha uh hi.

Sumlut tawm gamte khempeuh phial in lokho uh hi. Sum le pai vai-in en le hang hih gamte pen gamdangte tawh tehna-in, vanbawlna, zuakna lamah nang mahmah lai-in kitawsiah dipdep hi. Leitung bup’ leitang 35% ah busa-in, leitung bup mi phazah lak pan 52% pha hi. Hih sumlut tawm gam khempeuh a om mipi teng lakpan 25% bek khuapi-ah (urban) om uh a, a dang 75% pen khuata (rural) ah khuasa lai-uh hi. Mikhat in kumkhat-in sumlut $1025 le a nuaisiah angah leh tua mipa omna gam-in, sumlut tawm gam hi, ci-in World Bankte’n ciamteh uh hi. Hih sumlut tawm gamte-ah Kawlgam zong na kilim hel mahmah hi.

Asia Development Bank (ADB) te’ hong lametsakna ah Kawlgam-in 2012 kum a kipan kumsim gamsung sumlut GDP 8% ta akhan det leh 2030 teh sumlut laihawl gamte (middle income country) ah kihel zo kha ding hi, cih ahi hi. Kawlgam mipi bup pan 30% khuapi ah kiteengin, khuata lamah 70% kiteeng lai hi.

A thu-in cilehang, 1989 kum galkapte’n State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) min tawh hong uk a kipan market economic system a kizang dan hihtuak hi. Ahi zongin makai lamte’ siamna’ cinlohna, golhguk nekna (corruption) le gamdangte’ khaktanna (sanctions) hangin (market economic system) a zang gam dangte zahin kikhangto zolo hi. Ki kiamkiam zaw lai hi.
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Gam haute a hauh semsem nading un a kisam thute in, khut tawh nasepna pan set tawh nasepna, thatang tawh nasepna pan khuak tawh nasepna, mihing hihna’ thuneihna (human rights), IT pilnate na thupisak mahmah uh hi. Ki-ukna lamah pen democracy mah hileh khantohna dingin muibun pen hi. Ahi zongin democracy lampi a tot loh uh hangin Sen (China) gam bang suakta takin sumzuak sumlei theihna (open market) leh sumzian ultun sumzonna (capitalism) zangin a hauhna uh hong kah vanvan hi. Democracy lampi zuih ding bel limgeel mahmah ta dan hi. Pau Sian Lian