Leitung mite nunna huandan le a hun tawh kituakin min tuamtuam kivawh a, kum zalom 21 a hihleh setkhuak pilna hun (IT age, Digital age) in ki ciamteh hi. Setkhuak pilna lak-ah setkhuak zang-a thukizakna, kizopna (online industry, social network, online media, social media, digital media) lamte khauh pai diakhi. 2004 kum in leitung bup media lam ah madawk diak Tim O Reily in Web 2.0 cih kammal hong minthang sak mahmah hi. Web 2.0 cihteh setvan thak min hilo-in IT lam-ah mipi nundan kikhel zia genna ahihi. Web 1.0 khangte hun lai ahihleh website, blog tuamtuam ah lai kigelhte mipite-in sim, cihciang ahihi. Ahi zongin tun web 2.0 khang hunteh mikhem peuhin online tung-ah suak tatak-in laigelh, thusung, kikum, kiho, thu kihawmsawn, khat-le- khat kidawng thei ta ahih man-in kum 2000 khitlam a online zangte pen Web 2.0 khang ah nungta te in ki ciamteh ta hi.
Web 2.0 khang cihzah khop ding mahin tangpi kizopna (social network) zatna pen kinawh zaw, tangzai zaw, khang zaw, khauhpai zaw le huzap zo zaw semsem ta hi. 2004 kumin a kiphuan khia Facebook bangpen 2016 teh a zang bekbek mi 1.65 billion omta hi. Tua na ngawn leitung bup-a mitam pen gam ahi China ah a kumpi-in lutsak lo hilai-in a phal hizenleh leitung bup in facebook zang phial thei dinghi. Tangpi thu kizakna minthang dangkhat ahi Twitter acih zong om-a Twitter a zang bekbek million 300 val ahih manin US gammi phazah tawh kikim cihtheih hi. Tua-ahih man-in social network huhau in piang kikhelkna leitung ah hong tam mahmah tahi. Press media lam thanem-in digital media khauhpai semsem ahih manin journalist te tampi-in nasep suplawh uhhi. UK ah 2001 – 2010, US ah 2006-2013 kikal sung journalist 1/3 in nasep suplawh uhhi.
Social media pen deihna tuamtuam tekin kizang hi. Biakna lampan bang cile hang Pasian zat minthang Reinhard Bonnke in Facebook pen leitung mun tuamtuam a omte kiang Pasian thu ka tangko nading ka pulpit khathi, cikik bilbel hi. A diakdiak in politic lamte-in zong social network tuamtuam tungpan mipite zolin kizopna-in nei uhhi. America president a kipan Myanmar president zum cihte in gam vai thu-le- la khat peuhpeuh zaksak nading social network limzat mahmah ta uhhi.
Tu tadih thuthang khat gen lehang, July 2, 2016 Australia-ah kiteelna om-a prime minister pa Malcolm Turnbull in mipite zol nading in a thusun khat-in gam sung-a kumtam khangham sate phone nei-in online zattheih nading ka pantah ding-a tua ading $ 50 million ka zang dinghi, ci lianghi. Adang thuthang khat-in Turkey thuneihna kibuluah na hi-a July 15, 2016 ni-in Turkey ah galkap pawlkhatte’n president pa thuneihna suhsawm uhhi. Tua galkap te-in mipi thukizakna facebook, youtube, twitter te hanciamin khak tase mahleh khakcip zolo uh a, president pa-in social mediate le iphone ah kithuah Facetime pan-in mipite hopih, thugen, hanthawn zo ahih manin mipite panpihna tawh a kumpi hihna kemsuak zo suak ahihi.
A lauhuai simsim thukhat in social media pan thuman le zuauthu khahsawnna in kizang khawm theihi. Thuman tawh kibang mahmah thuzuau tamta hi. British gam European Union pan a pusuah ding Brexit lai-un hih vai kilang mahmah hi. Mipil minthang tampite-in EU pan pusuah na hangin hamsiatna tamzaw dinghi cih social media tungpan tam veipi pulak mah tase le uh mipite-in tua thutak(facts) te sang lungsim lawp theihtheihna(emotion) bulphuh uh a kigelh te pakta zawin, a tawpna-ah EU pan pusuah ding lamte in zo zaw mawk uhhi. Tua pusuah ding thukim khitphet teh “EU cih in banghiam?”, “EU pan pusuak leng bang kituak ding?” cihte nungkan kiksan in kisik kik san uhhi.
Tua tungtang a kipan “facts don’t work” cih kammal lang mahmah hi. UK pan pusuah ding zotna-ah mapang pi Arron Banks in, EU ah kihel huaina thutak(facts) tampi om mah naven ahi zongin meetang khiat ni taktak teh mipite’n a mau lungsim lawngkha(emotion) dandan in khensat lel dinguh ahih lam ka theihsa hi, na cihi. Tu laitak Muslim biakna luanglet ngongtat (ISIS) tebang mite linglawngsakna le amau nungzui khop nading in dingin media zatsiam mahmah kipawlna in ki ciamteh ahihi.
Leitung bup-ah lungpho na kineih teh zong social media in peipuang zo mahmah hi. Arab gam lam-a kumpi teng a puksak zo Arab Spring a kipan Hong Kong a Umbrella Revolution, Malaysia a Bersih 4 cihte ah social network in tampi mah toknawi zohi. Tua bang kawmkal mahin Francis Fukuyama in, digital hun a khangkhia khangthak te-in ki-ukna hoihlo te khaktan, langpan(rebel) in phukhia zo tase leh hunsau kikhom kikhelna taktak neihzawh nading le gam hoihzaw in lambeh na-ah a tawpdong masuan ding lam ah thanem mahmah thei ahih manin tua vai tu laitak politic ah lauhuai simsim thukhat hi, na ci ngeihi. Online le social networkte tungpan mipite kiang thusung, satsuah, lungsim so sak, thapia-in makai hoihlo, kumpi gina lote hemkhia zo mah tase leh tuateng omnawn loh uhteh hunsau gam kilam kik na ading kiging theikhol tawm mahmah hi.
2011 kum a kipan a piangkhia Arab Spring hangin Arab gam te lakpan gam (8) bangah makai kumpi kikhelna hong piang ekhi. Tua hun sungin Egypt gam-ah kumpi kikhelna pian nading Wael Ghonim zong makai khatin na kihelhi. Tua vai ama thugente pawlkhat lungngaih huai kasa mahmah hi. Amah pen ama hontawm facebook page pan-in Egypt gammite hanthawn in Egypt kumpi lui Hosni Mubarak a thuneihna pan hemkhia-a gilbem puakzo khat hihi. Ahi zongin Mubarak a kiat zenzen khit hangin Egypt gam hoihpah zanzan sam lo-a amah sang a sia zawphial kumpi thak hong dawkliang hi. Egypt gam-ah minam, biakna le kipawlna tuamtuam kikal kilangpanna hong uang zaw mawk hi. Tua bang thute kum 5 bang a tuah dikdek khitteh Wael Ghonim in gam vai-ah social media zatsiam nading tawh kisai a muhnate a nuai-a bangin sungkhia hi. Social media tawh kisai in:
1. Eite in thutak le kamdawn thuzuau(rumour) ih khen thei keihi. Mimal khatpeuh ko nop man-a kigelh thu zuaute ih um pahpah kha-a tua zuauthu mah mi tul tampi sim dingin ih khahsawn hi.
2. Ei gen tawh kibang gente bek ih pakta a tuate bektawh ih kizom, kihuai nuam se hi. Ei ngaihsutna tawh kibanglo midangte ngaihsut na tuamtuamte kikhak(mute), kipeel(unfollow) le ki suphiat(block) thei ta sawnsawn lai ahih manin ei tawh ih ki thutuah pihte behtawh ih ki thuza hi.
3. Online thu kikupnate pen tam veipi a uangtat lungso mihon(mobs) kisuak kha pahpah hi.
4. Ih ngaihsutna te khel ding hamsa mahmah hi. Leitung vai tawh kisai telhak mahmah thu lianpite telcian lo pi-in ih kum pahpah a, online thukizakna lah manlang in lem mahmah sawnsawn ahih manin teltum mello-in ih upmawh ciat gelhkhia (comment) ziauziau thei hi. Tuate pen en ih mangngilh phial zongin online ah na om suak hi. Ih khialh lam hong theisak thuman taktak te ih nung muh zongin a khial ih ngaihsut masak pen khel kik ding ih lawp khol kei hi.
5. A thupi mahmah khat in tu laitak ih zatzat online social media te’ design en lehang, kizopna(engage) taktak sang thu zaksakna(broadcast), thukikupnawina(discussion) sang ngaihsut na lahna(posts), thugil kihopsawnna(deep conversation) sang mawk ciakna(shallow comments) te thapia zaw dingin kibawl online media hi gige mawkhi. Tua ahih manin mihing te sungah khat-le- khat kihona sang midang-te khat-khit- khat tungah thugenna hong khauhpai zawhi.
Hih a tunga thute pen Egypt gam a kumpi gilo mahmah khat a hemkhia zo te lak-ah makai khatin kihel pa gen hi-a, ei Zomi te ading zong pilna lakhuai kasa hi. Zomite sung-ah tangpi thu kizakna lam hong hat mahmah ta-a email group (Zonet…) cih a kipan facebook group tampi ih phuang zuahzuah-a member bang tul tampi pha venvan ta hi. Tuate sung-ah bang thugilte gen, kikum ih hiam? Lungsim khak/kihong sa in thu ih kum hiam?, Thu khatpeuh ih kupma khatvei bek ih ngaihsun kik mah hiam? Thu-le- la khat peuh ih gelhma tua tawh kisai in thu cingin ih kan mah hiam? Thu thang khatpeuh thuzung kician takpi mahhiam(source, reference) cihte ih encian masa hiam? Makai khatpeuh mimal vai hazat man-in a kiphuahsak thu zuauthute man/manlo telcian lo-in midangte ih hawmsawn kha hiam?, cihte ngaihsut huai mahmah hi.
Tu ciangciang online tungpan Zomi makai zahtak huai tampi-in ko le gensiat thuak khin dikdek uhhi. Muhna kibang lote, kibang lo hilel ding-a ko dikdek kilawm lo hi. Thu-le- la kician theilo-a ih telkhialh zong tam theihi. Thu-le- la kician taktawh kuppih na sang tel tum mel omlo-a mimal, kipawlna, nasep le vai khatpeuh pum gensiat ding lam kilawp zawleh kilawmhi. Minam dangte a kha theithei-in ko semsem lehang ei minam a it semsem, a tawisang semsem a ki sakha zong om hihang. Minam, biakna le ngeinate thapia-in ki-it semsem, kizom semsem, ki thutuak semsem, thakhauh semsem nading in social networkte zatsiam huaihi. Zomi sung bek tham lo Myanmar politic thu lam-ah zong kidop huai a patauh huai simsim tam mahmah hi.
Myanmar politic lamah thuneihna a pumdeih mi gilo tampi te-in minam tuamtuamte kihua sak, biakna khat-le- khat sutuah in gambup a buaisak nuam pha mahmah uhhi. Amau pen minam le biaknate khat le khat kiko(hate speech), kihua in kido kithah ding a utte uh hi-a, tam veipi hanciam khin in tam veipi mah gualzo khin mawk uhhi. Khawl pak hetlo ding uhhi. Amau pen online tungpan mipi khem, toknawi gawpding, zuauthu tawh lungsim sosak gawp theihna nading thukhel tampi phuak thei ding-a ki pantah(train)te hi-a kipawlna tuamtuam ah a honhon in ki thehthang uhhi. Photoshop tawh kibawl zuau lim (fake photo), bawltawm video tampi te hawm thei uhhi. Tuate khemsa in ih omloh ding kidop huaihi. Banghang hiam cih leh social media tawh zong gam khat ki-ukna nawngkai sakin, gamkhat nangawn suksiat theihhun, web 2.0 hun ahihi.
Wael Ghonim in a thugen a zopna-ah, “Tu laitak bang social media tungah lai ih gelhteh thumuh dan toi simsim sak-in, kha ekek pian in midangte ko-in, gitloh vai le thuduh vai takin laigelh lehang mi tamin ki munuam, ki simnuam zaw thei lai sehi. Tangpi khantohna nading ih lunggulh taktak leh mimal ngaihsut te pulak kawikawi na sang thu kikupkhopna, kikup nawina, ngaihsutna kihopsawnna lam thapiak huai mahmah hi.”, na cihi.
Tu laitak leitung bup pan mi 1/3 in internet zang ta uh-a a dang 2/3 te-in zong internet hong nawhzat mahmah tading uhhi. Zomite sung-ah zong Tedim, Tonzang khuatawng dong nangawn ah a sawtlo-in internet hong tung lel ding-a kinawh semsem, hat semsem, tawmman zaw semsem lei dinghi. Social media zatna hangin thu kician theihna khangsak ni. Thuman ngaihsut theihna hatsak ni. Pilvang takin thukikupnate thapia ni. Ki-it kithutuahnate bulphuh ni.
Tg. Pau Sian Lian
Tokyo, Japan
Etkak:
- How technology disrupted the truth by Katharine Viner
- Let’s design social media that drives real change by Wael Ghonim
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