Upadi Khenpi
Upadi nam tuamtuamin a kikhen hangin Kumpi Upadi le ngeina Upadi ci-in nampi nihin kikhen thei hi.
Kumpi Upadi (Legislature)
Gam ukna aana a nei kumpite in a gam mite zuih dingin a bawl Upadi ahi hi. Tuhunin mipi’ teel Hlawtdaw om ahih manin Hlawtdaw in kumpi Upadi a bawl hi. Hlawtdaw in Upadi-te bawl thei, phiat thei, puahpha thei hi. Hih kumpi Upadi pen a gammi khempeuh in pelh loin a zuih ding ahi hi.
Ngeina Upadi (Customary Law)
Minam khat peuhin kumsawt veipi lai pekpan kipanin i zuih, i zat, i nuntakzia ngeina kinei ciat hi. Thusia, thupha, nopna, dahnate ah gamtatna zuihna kinei ciat hi. Khat le khat thu a kineih ciangin tua zuih ngei, zatngei ahi thu om bangin thukhenna kinei hi. Tua i zuih ngeina thu pen ngeina Upadi kici hi. Thukhen zum in Upadi-in bulphuhin a zattheih nadingin a nuai-a thu 3 tawh a kituak ding kisam hi.
(a) Minam khat peuh in a tawmpenin kum 30 sung bang ka ngeina uh hi ci-in a zat den, a zuih den ngeina hi ding hi.
(b) Tua ngeina pen a kuamapeuh mi tampite adingin thu maanna le taangkimna a om ngeina hi ding hi.
(c) Tua ngeina pen kumpi Upadi khat peuhpeuh tawh a ki-el puak, a kikhaam, a kiphallo thute hi lo ding hi.
Ngeina Upadi le Kumpi Upadi thuneihna
Ngeina Upadi pen kumpi Upadi khat peuhpeuhin huamkhin ahi zongin, ki-elpuak ahi zongin, a khaam khat peuh ahi zongin ahih leh, tua ngeina Upadi in thu nei zo nawnlo hi. Tua bangin thukhen zum in thu khen ding hi.
Genkakna:-
(1) Mi’ zi tawh a mawhte, mi zi a gute Zomi ngeina Upadi sungah Lawi 8 ciang liauna thu hi. Hih thu-ah kumpi Upadi ahi Penal Code S.497 (a dultery) hi a, thongkiat dan kum 5 le sum dan liautheihna thu hi. Tua ahih manin kumpi Upadi om bangin thukhen thei hi. Ahi zongin hih thu pen kumpi Upadi in thuneite a langnih in (w&m;vdk-w&m;cH) kileptheihna thupia (compound able) ahih manin thuneite a thukimtuak uh leh Zomi ngeina Upadi zui-in thu khenin thu veng thei hi.
(2) Mithahna thu pen Zomi ngeina Upadi sungah Lawi 11 ciang liautheihna thu hi. Tua pen kumpi Upadi ahi Penal Code S.302 (Murder) mithahna thu hi a, tua kumpi Upadi in kilepna tawh thu veng thei lo (Not compund able) ahih manin thu neite (w&m;vdk-w&m;cH) a kilep hangin kumpi Upadi zui-in thukhen kul veve hi. Tua ahih manin ei Zomite sungah thu khat peuhpeuh a om ciangin Zomi ngeina Upadi le kumpi Upadi i theihkhop ding, i kan ding, a theite i dot ding kisam hi.
Mi biakna simmawhsak lo ding
Biakna a tuamtuamte lakah bang biakna a hoihpen hiam ci-in mi khatpeuh dong leng, tua pa in “Kei biakna a hoihpen hi,” ci-in ama biakna hong gen ding hi. Banghang hiam cihleh ei gamsungah biakna khaktanna om loin ei ut penpen biakna kilut thei hi. Kumpi Upadi Penal Code Sec. 295-A ah hi bangin na gen hi. “Kam genna tawh ahi zongin, lai-gelhna tawh ahi zongin lim suaihna tawh ahi zongin Kawlgam sunga teng mi khat peuhpeuh i biakna tawh kisai in, tuate hehna, laitang natna ding lungsim hoih lo tawh gensia, kosia, simmawh ahih leh tua mi tungah kum 2 ciang thongkiatdaan ahi zong, sum liaudaan ahi zong, tua daan namnih kigawm ahi zong thuak ding hi,” ci-ngiat hi. Tua ahih manin mi biakna khatpeuh gensiat khak ding lauhuai hi.
Zomite Innluah ngeina Upadi
Ei Zomite beh le phung zui-in uzaw innluah le nauzaw innluah om hi. A pa in tapasal nei loin zikik a neih leh tua a zikik tawh a neih tapa in luah hi. Innluahza in tapasal nei loin a sih leh a zom a naupa in luah hi. Nauzaw innluah ahih leh nauzaw a zom pen in luah hi. Innluah ding tapasal a om het kei leh beh sunga kinaipihpen a bangkuapa (a thal lohpa) in luah hi.
Numeite innluah thei lo inn ngak thei
Tanumei peuhmah in innluah thei loin innngak thei hi. Tua ahih man numeite a omna a pa inn sung pan ahi zong, a pasal innsung pan ahi zong mawk-hawlkhiat theih hi lo hi. Numei in inn a luahtheihloh hangin gamh kihawm thei hi.
Innluahpa Tavuan
Innluahpa in pupa khanga neihsa teng a luah mah bangin pupa khanga piak ding, loh ding leibate a piak ding tavuan (vaipuak) a nei hi. A pa khan sungin a gawh a lupte zong gawh ding lup ding tavuan a nei hi. A sanggam pasalte zi (a mo) leisak ding, laksak ding tavuan a nei hi. Sanggam numei mo pai dingte mokhak ding, moken ding tavuan a nei hi. Sanggam pasal inntuan dingte innlelo, neihsa sumlepai tawh a kilawm a kituakin a khen ding tavuan nei hi.
Gamh Hawm thei
Gamh a kici pen neihsa lamsa innlelo, sumlepai khat peuhpeuh cihna hi. Innluah ahi lo tapasal le tanumeite a pa le a nu in a gamh uh hawmsak thei hi. Tua bang hawmtheih nadingin hawm dan ding thu nam 2 om hi.
(1) Sih vaikhakna (will) aowrf;pm
Kum cingsa mi khatpeuh in ama sih khit ciangin a piak dingin a nuntak lai-in a gamh hawm khawl thei hi. Hih ngeina pen ei Khristian thuzuite in i nuntak lai-in sih vaikhakna lai-at thei a, Kawl biakna Budishte in at khuan nei lo hi. Khristian thuzuite hamphatna khat hi. Hi banga gamh hawmna pen a piapa/nu a sihkhit ciang bekin a ngah dingpa/nu in ngahthei pan hi. A piapa/nu in a sihma-in a lung a kim kei leh khelkik thei, phiat thei, a dang pia thei hi. Hi bangin a khelkik leh a piak nunungpen a’ kikipsak hi. Hi banga sih vaikhakna tawh gamh hawmna pen a pia pa le a theihpih teci a tawmpen mi nih in letmat thuh ding hi. A piapa/nu in lungsim ngaihsut khentel theihna (Good Conscience) a neih sungin laigelha a piak hi ding hi. Sihkuan, lungsim haigawp hun khawngin a piak hi lo ding hi.
(b) Citpiakna ay;urf;jcif; (gift)
Hih citpiakna pen ei Zomite in zong a kipia thei ahi hi. A piapa/nu le a theihpih teci a tawmpen mi 2 in letmat thuh ding hi. A ngah ding pa/nu in zong a ngahna a lungkimna letmat thuh ding hi. Hi banga kipiak pen a ngah dingte in a piak ni mahin ngah thei pah hi. A piapa/nu a sihkhit ngak kul lo hi. Lungsim ngaihsut khentel theihna (Good Conscience) a neih sungin a piak hi ding hi.
Ei Zomite ngeina Upadi sungah tapa upapen/tapa neupen bek in gamhluahza nei a, Kawlte ngeina Upadi sungah suahpih unau pasal numei deidan loin a kikimin hawm dimdiam ding ngeina Upadi nei ahih manin a tunga i gen sihvaikhak (will) le citpiak (gift) cihte amau adingin kisam nawn lo hi. Amau pen a tate ahi lo midangte a gamh a neihsa vante a piaknop leh citpiakna ay;urf;jcif; (gift) in laigelhin pia uh hi. Ei Zomite pen gamhluah mi khat bek hithei ahih manin a pa/nute in a tunga i gen bangin a nuntak sungin a gamh uh a tapa a tanute tungah hawmsak theih ding thupi hi. Tua bangin a hawmsak kei leh innluahte a huaiham thei mahmah uh om ahih man a pa le a nu sikhin leh innluah lote in bangmah ngah loin hamsialua thei ahih manin pate nute in nuntak lai-in neihsa gamh pen innluah ding ahi lote tungah hawm khol thei hi ci-in Zomite in i theih ding thupi hi.
Lawmheek Thu
Zomite ngeina Upadi sungah nungak le tangval ki-it in kiteng dingin zuthawl kipia a kisangsate adang pasal khatin a hek a a tenpih leh sial za 100 khat liau hi.
Zomi Ngeina tawh Kiteenna
Pasal lamte in numei lam ah pai-in thaman, moman, numan, mualkanman cih bangin kipia hi. Khua khat le khua khat zatdan moman a tawm a tam omin kibang lo hi. Numei lamte in moman a ngah khit uh ciangin mokhakna (Sial khupsa) vok ahi zong, bawng ahi zongin gawh uh hi. Tua sa kigo pen pasal lam in a bul a liangin pua a, u-sa nausa-in hawm uh hi. Hi bangteng a sepna uh tawh kiteenna, phung tansakna a kipsak uh ahi hi.
Zomi Nupa Kikhenna
(1) Pasal in a zi a mak leh moman kipiakik lo hi.
(2) Numei in a pasal mawhna khialhna om loin a ciah leh (a khen leh) moman teng piakik hi. (Mo kileilai-in thaman, numan, mual kanman ci-in a tuamtuamte pen piakkik cih om loin Moman (Manpi) bek a kipiakik ahi hi).
(3) Pasal in numei dang tawh mawhna khialhna, zawllenna nei a, a zi lungkim loin a nunglam ah a ciah leh pasal mawhna ahih manin moman piakik lo hi.
(4) Pasal in a pasalna kimangthei lo (zaw) in numei lungkim loin a nunglam ah a ciah leh pasal kisapna ahih manin moman piakik lo hi.
(5) Pasal in a zi dingin a laksa moman pia nai loin a zi a sih leh pasal in vui a, moman zong pialai veve hi. Pasal in a vui nop kei leh lawi 8 liau lai hi.
Moman a thupitna
Nupa a kiteen tungin ki-it mahmah, kingai mahmahin kiteeng ahih hangin hun hong sawtsawt hun khat ciangin khatlam peuh in, “Ke’n hibang ding sa keng e,” ci-in lungkia-in nupa kikhenna om thei hi. Pasal in a zi khen thei, a mak theih mah bangin numei in zong pasal khen thei ma thei hi. Pasal in a zi a mak leh moman kipiakik lo hi. Numei in a pasal a mak leh moman piakik hi.
Gentehna: Pasal in a zi le a tate nuntak nading ngaihsun loin, khamtheih guihtheih zangin a zi simmawh den lai leh a zi in a pasal thuakzo nawn kei leh a pasal in a khenloh hangin numei in a khennop hun om thei hi. Tua bangin thuakzawh nawnlohna a om ciangin numei a nunglam ah ciahin moman teng piakik ziau leh kikhenna a siangtho hipah hi. Moman kila lote a piakkik ding om lo ahih manin nupate atuam tuakin a om uh hangin a pasal in ka zi hi ciden thei lai hi. Kikhenna thu tadensa sungah a tangko hangin tua pen thukhenna hi lo ahih manin thukhen zum panin kikhenna lai a ngah matengin a pasal in ka zi hi ci thei den lai hi. Tua bang kikhenna thu siang loin pasal dang a neih leh tua a pasal kik pa tungah zigu-in thu kibawl thei hi. (Penal Code S. 497)
Tua ahih manin moman san (moman lak) pen numeite manphatna thuneihna tcGifhta&; khatin a zat theih ding thumanpha khat hi gige hi. Tuhun in mi pawlkhatte kithusiamsakin moman a kipiak hangin sang nuam loin a piakik mi tampi om hi. Mokhak numeite mailam thu ding kuamah in genkhol theilo ihih manin ei Zomite Zomi ngeina Upadi om mah bangin moman san ding hoihzaw hi.
Biakna Upadi le Ngeina Upadi
Biakna Upadi cih pen Khristiante adingin Pasian thukham le pawlpi thukhamte ahi hi. Zomite ngeina Upadi sungah nupa kikhentheihna thu a om hangin Khristian biakna Upadi sungah om lo hi. “Pasian in a gawmsa mite kuamah in khen kei ta hen,” (Mate 19:6) ci-in Topa Jesu in gen hi. Tua in kiteenna tawh kisai biakna Upadi ahi hi.
Tua ahih manin i ngeina Upadi pen biakna Upadi tawh kituak lo, ki-elpuak, a khaam thu khatpeuh ahih leh ngeina Upadi nusia-in biakna Upadi i zuihzawk kul ding hi. Biakna Upadi a zui lote leitung Upadi-te bangin thongkhiat daan, sumliau daante a kipiak loh hangin pawlsungmi hihna pan pawlpua mi a suaksak hi. Tua ahih manin Upadi a tuamtuamte ama mun tek ah bangci kizatin bangci thuneihna nei hiam ci-in i theih ding thupi hi.
“Hih lai a sim mimalkim Topa’n thupha hong piakim ciat ta hen” Amen.
Laigelhpa tangthu tom
Pa Ignatius Vung Pum (Naulak) leh Nu Elizabeth Tel Zam (Hatzaw)te sung panin 5-12-1942 ni-in Tungzang khua ah suak hi. Yangon University panin 1970 kumin B.A (Law), 1971 kumin LL.B. Degree ngah hi. 1972 kumin H.G.P (txufwef;a&SUae), 1975 kumin Advocate (w&m;vTwfawmfa&SUae), Licence ngah hi. 1976 kumin Kumpi sitni (Law Officer) sep kipan in, 2005 kumin Mangpizaa tawh pension ngah hi. Kumpi sitni a sep sungin na sep hahkat in, tungsiah nuaisiah tawh kilem in na sep zo ahih manin 1990 kumin EdkifiHawmfa&SUaecsKyf in pahtawina min phat piakna a&SUaecsKyfqkvufrSwf (rSefabmif) le qkaiG Ks. 1500 pia hi. A zi Theresa Niang Khan Lun tawh tapa 3 le tanu mei 1 nei hi. A tapa nihna Siampi suak a Rev. Fr. John Pau Sian Thang hi. Kalaymyo Z.Y.A kipat tunga kipan tudongin Patron (Advisor) sem hi. Tu in a zi, a tate, a tute tawh Kalaymyo, Bogyoke St. Tayin 5/2 a inn ah om hi. 09 47173142
U Michael Thang Do Dal
B.A (Law., LL.B., Advocate)
Law Officer (RTD)
ZYA Magazine
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