Khan kumsawt Democracy (Sustainable Democracy) ~ Pau Sian Lian
Kawlgam ah lungkim huai a hi naikei zongin democracy cihkhat ih zatzawh kum thum val bang ong cingta hi. Deihzah a hih nailoh hangin ong nuamtuam veve hi. Tu lian laitak in leitung bup leh gammite ngiatin a patauh khat uhin, Kawlgam ah democracy bang dinmun tung ta-in, bang tanciang mainawt lai ding cihte leh cikteh democracy kician ngahzo ding cihte a hihi.
Politic pilna lam-ah a madawk diak mipil Francis Fukuyama in democracy pen a koici gamte ah sawtvei kimang-in, bangcih lehang zatnuam hiam, cihthu a kan kawikawi khitteh mipite’ dinmun thupitna khat ong mukhia hi. Ama muhkhiatna-ah nunna laihawl (middle class) a khauhpaina gamte-ah democracy khansawt phadiak in mu khiahi. Huam gen lehang nunna laihawl (middle class) cihte pen thatang nasepna hi nawnlo-in, zum nasem (pilna tawh nasemte) le a diakdiak in University kician pan sang mante(educated) tam semsemna cihtheih hi. Hih a hi ciangkhat tungkhin-mipi nunna laihawlte-in thuman lohna tamna, ki-ukna ginatlohna, ki zawhthawh luatnate-ah khauhtak langpan zo uh-a, mipite lokzo, makaih zo uhhi.
Goldman Sachte’ tuatna-ah 2030 teh leitung ah hih nunna laihawl (middle class) te billion 2 om dingin um uhhi. Europe Union te’ thugil kan pawlte’n 2020 the nunna laihawl 3.2 billion omin, 2030 the 5 billion kitung kha thei dinghi, cih tuatkhol uhhi. Amau muhkhiatna-ah 2010 in leitung ah nunna laihawl 1.8 billion om hi. Hihte tungpan a kigen thei khat-in mailam teh pilna, sum-le-pai kinei to semsem ding ahih manin mihingte’ dikna le thu neihna a ultun sak democracy ki-ukna zong ong kizang semsem ding cih kigenkhol theihi.
Ih Kawlgam pen hih democracy ki-ukna taktak a tungnai lo cih hi peuhmah lo-in ni dangin a limzat mahmah sa, pilna lam le neih-le-lam ah a khauhpai mahmah sa khat ahihi. Gammite’ laitheihna (literacy rate) bangbel leitungah a sangpen lam pawl hikhin luasa a hihi. U Ne Win in 1960 khit a kipan ih gam suang ki-ukna hoihteng ong suksiat dikdekte lak-ah ih pilna sinna zia-le-tong hoih mahmah sate ong a sia theithei-in lumlet gawppat hi. Tua a hih man-in Kawlgam, Zogam ah democracy sawt khomding ihdeih leh haina pan pilna lam, zawnna pan hauhna lam, natna-pan cidam na lam ih hanciam kulhi. Tuateng kammal khatin genle hang tangpi kikepna (social welfare) lam ih vei kul mahmah hi.
Hih tangpi kikepna (social welfare) ihcih pilna, cidamna a ultun sakna hangin sum-le-pai nangawn a hauhlawh gam tampi lak-ah Japan gam etteh huai pha hi. Japan gam pen Meiji Restoration cih ki-ukna lam kipuahphatna a neih ma tham, kum zalom 18 ma laipek in a zawn mahmah thilthel uhhang lai theihna(literacy)-ah khauhpai mahmah khinhi. A mau sang a khangto masa zaw, setkhuak tawh nasep(industrialized) a kipan khin, Europe gamte sang tua hun laipek-in lai theihna lamah na sangzaw khin, kici hi. Tua ahih manin leitung bup ah a haupen nihna gam cih dinmun kumtampi lenzo mawkhi. Sum-le-pai neilo pimah pilna lam na ki tawsawn tantan uh ahih manin, a tawpna-ah hauhloh theihloh, khantoh loh a hithei lo na hihi.
Sen gam leuleu democracy gam ahih nai lian lohhang sum-le-pai lamah hauh ding a ki gin litlit pian lai, 1970 khit lam ma pekin, a gam uhah pilna le cidamna lam, tangpi kikepna nasiat tuak mahmah khin mawkhi. A mite uh ngiat na pilsuah dikdek khol khin a hih manun, lei tungbup tawh sumbawl khopna (marketization) a hih uhteh a mipilteng uh zang thei pahlian uhhi. Mipil misiam lawhsam lualo hi.
Hih tangpi kikepna tawh kisai-in namnih kikhen theihi. Nam masate-in sum-le-pai khantoh ma pek-in neih zahzah tawh pilna, cidamna lam mah ultun sak masak hamtang ding cih (support led) cih hi-in Asia gam sungte lakah, Japan, Sen, Korea gamte hi phadiak uhhi. Nam nihna-in sum-le-pai ih neih zah dandan-in kikep kikhoi ding hilo dia a ci (growth-mediated) cihte a hihi. Kawlgam-in a nam nihna lam kihel hi. Kum tampi sung ih gambup a ding kumpite’ sumzat lakpan 1% pen cidam na lam, 4% pen pilna lam ading kizang hi.
Tu kum lamteh cidam na lamah 3% zangta-in pilna lam 6% hita hi. Hih bangtawh ih ki-uk hangin minung-ah ih om thapai hi. Mihing muanhuai(human resource) a omlo cihtheih phial a hihi. Germany gambang ah tukum a kipan university ih kah nopleh a mawkna hita ngial zenhi. Aung San Suu Kyi mahmah in zong hih pilna lam leh cidamna lam mah parliament ah tut phetin pulak masak-in nei hi.
Hih tangpi kikepnate kin bawl lehang ih mimal manneihna, mimal thuneihna, mihingte’ suahtakna a ultung sak democracy kician takin kizangthei-in, sawtvei kimang zo dinghi. Tua hikei leh democracy ih cihhang tu laitak kawl lutol uangtat honkhat buaipih, minam bup ong nawngkai sak tadih thukhun hi lolo namte dan peuh ki buaipih-in mazan vai ngiatlo dinghi. Khantohna lam-ah a pil mahmah Stiglits Kawlgam ong zin lai-in, na leisung van manphate pan na ngahuh sumte mihingte’ khantohna nading lamah vawhkik tangtang un aw, cih gen phapha hi.
Hih thu-ah kumpite peuh a tawntung-in mawhsak thapaih dingzong hituan lo leuleu hi. Ei zawh khopkhop in ih kipat kulhi. Bangladesh gam ah micro credit tawh mi tampi zawnna pan a honkhia Muhamed Yunus in a zawngpen naupangte na ngawnin leizo-in cidam thahat tuam nading uh veina tawh nawitui ki-umsa (yogurt-????????) limci theithei a man tawm pen thei-in pil sinna sangte ah puak kawikawi hi. Eite-in zong tum taktak, vei taktak le sawm taktak le hang ei zawh khopkhop ding vai tampi om lel dinghi. Hih tangpi kikepna tawh khantohna-cihin zan khat thu-in a gah kimu pah nam hilo leuleu hi. Lungduai, kuhkal, cihtak kul hi. Ahi zongin a gah ih lawhteh kumsawt tampi ki mangin kisik om ngeilo namte ahihi.
Ih Zogam pilsinna niam luat man hangin tan 10 a kheng zolo, zo na pi’n sum-le-pai hamsat manin university a zom zolo mimal kitam pha mahmah hi. Kua mah mawhsak theih hilo hi. Tuate ading phadiak-in hih kivakpah theihna pilna(Vocational Training) kinak sap mahmah hi. Anhuanna-sinna, puankhui, sammet, inn lam khutsiamna pilna cihte neu-et theih hi peuhmah lohi. Gamdang a zin uh hileh zong nasep ngahpah zaw lai ding uhhi.
Aung San Suu Kyi-in kum tampi a innah a ki kepcip khit a zin masak penna Thai gam thu kikupna pi (World Economic Forum)ah Kawlgam khangnote ki nawhsap mahmah-in hih vocational training hi, ci-in leitung bupah na tangko-masa hi. Ama’gen man in a thupi hilo-in, a hi mahmah khat a genkhia ka cihnopna hi. Europe gamah 2008 economic crisis khit sum tawm bei-pen le muibun pen kivak-na dingin hih vocational training thupitna limgen mahmah san uhhi.
Tua ahih manin ih gam ah mihingte’ manneihna a ultung sak democracy ki-ukna sawt khomding ih utleh nunna laihawl ih tam semsem kul a, tua dingin mizawng, mipoi, mi haiteng ih neih zahzah mah tawh mi cidam, mi pil suahsak masak kulhi. Khantohna lam tawh kisai mi minthang Amartya Sen-in democracy ukna kician taktak gamte-ah kial tungngei lohi, cih mukhia sehi. Democracy(properly function) ukna kician cih gam ihtun nangin tangpi bup mah mi kician ihsuah kulhi.Tangpi kikepna hong khauhpai limlim masa photleh democracy cihciang bek a hilo, a sum-le-pai mahmah zong ih hauhlawh ta ngial dinghi. Pau Sian Lian
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